diff --git a/app/Console/Commands/FlushRedisStatsCommand.php b/app/Console/Commands/FlushRedisStatsCommand.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..a07cc417
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/Console/Commands/FlushRedisStatsCommand.php
@@ -0,0 +1,44 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace App\Console\Commands;
+
+use App\Services\ArtworkStatsService;
+use Illuminate\Console\Command;
+
+/**
+ * Drain the Redis artwork-stat delta queue into MySQL.
+ *
+ * The ArtworkStatsService::incrementViews/Downloads methods push compressed
+ * delta payloads to a Redis list (`artwork_stats:deltas`) when Redis is
+ * available. This command drains that queue by applying each delta to the
+ * artwork_stats table via applyDelta().
+ *
+ * Designed to run every 5 minutes so counters stay reasonably fresh while
+ * keeping MySQL write pressure low. If Redis is unavailable the command exits
+ * immediately without error — the service already fell back to direct DB
+ * writes in that case.
+ *
+ * Usage:
+ *   php artisan skinbase:flush-redis-stats
+ *   php artisan skinbase:flush-redis-stats --max=500
+ */
+class FlushRedisStatsCommand extends Command
+{
+    protected $signature   = 'skinbase:flush-redis-stats {--max=1000 : Maximum deltas to process per run}';
+    protected $description = 'Drain Redis artwork stat delta queue into MySQL';
+
+    public function handle(ArtworkStatsService $service): int
+    {
+        $max = (int) $this->option('max');
+
+        $processed = $service->processPendingFromRedis($max);
+
+        if ($this->getOutput()->isVerbose()) {
+            $this->info("Processed {$processed} artwork-stat delta(s) from Redis.");
+        }
+
+        return self::SUCCESS;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/app/Console/Commands/PruneViewEventsCommand.php b/app/Console/Commands/PruneViewEventsCommand.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..4d2579cc
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/Console/Commands/PruneViewEventsCommand.php
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace App\Console\Commands;
+
+use Illuminate\Console\Command;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\DB;
+
+/**
+ * Delete artwork_view_events rows older than N days.
+ *
+ * The view event log grows ~proportionally to site traffic. Rows beyond the
+ * retention window are no longer useful for trending (which looks back ≤7
+ * days) or for computing "recently viewed" lists in the UI.
+ *
+ * Default retention is 90 days — long enough for analytics queries and user
+ * history pages, short enough to keep the table from growing unbounded.
+ *
+ * Usage:
+ *   php artisan skinbase:prune-view-events
+ *   php artisan skinbase:prune-view-events --days=30
+ */
+class PruneViewEventsCommand extends Command
+{
+    protected $signature   = 'skinbase:prune-view-events {--days=90 : Delete events older than this many days}';
+    protected $description = 'Delete artwork_view_events rows older than N days';
+
+    public function handle(): int
+    {
+        $days   = (int) $this->option('days');
+        $cutoff = now()->subDays($days);
+
+        $deleted = DB::table('artwork_view_events')
+            ->where('viewed_at', '<', $cutoff)
+            ->delete();
+
+        $this->info("Pruned {$deleted} view event(s) older than {$days} days (cutoff: {$cutoff}).");
+
+        return self::SUCCESS;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/app/Console/Commands/RecalculateTrendingCommand.php b/app/Console/Commands/RecalculateTrendingCommand.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..98ebda20
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/Console/Commands/RecalculateTrendingCommand.php
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace App\Console\Commands;
+
+use App\Services\TrendingService;
+use Illuminate\Console\Command;
+
+/**
+ * php artisan skinbase:recalculate-trending [--period=24h|7d] [--chunk=1000] [--skip-index]
+ */
+class RecalculateTrendingCommand extends Command
+{
+    protected $signature = 'skinbase:recalculate-trending
+                            {--period=7d   : Period to recalculate (24h or 7d). Use "all" to run both.}
+                            {--chunk=1000  : DB chunk size}
+                            {--skip-index  : Skip dispatching Meilisearch re-index jobs}';
+
+    protected $description = 'Recalculate trending scores for artworks and sync to Meilisearch';
+
+    public function __construct(private readonly TrendingService $trending)
+    {
+        parent::__construct();
+    }
+
+    public function handle(): int
+    {
+        $period    = (string)  $this->option('period');
+        $chunkSize = (int)     $this->option('chunk');
+        $skipIndex = (bool)    $this->option('skip-index');
+
+        $periods = $period === 'all' ? ['24h', '7d'] : [$period];
+
+        foreach ($periods as $p) {
+            if (! in_array($p, ['24h', '7d'], true)) {
+                $this->error("Invalid period '{$p}'. Use 24h, 7d, or all.");
+                return self::FAILURE;
+            }
+
+            $this->info("Recalculating trending ({$p}) …");
+            $start   = microtime(true);
+            $updated = $this->trending->recalculate($p, $chunkSize);
+            $elapsed = round(microtime(true) - $start, 2);
+
+            $this->info("  ✓ {$updated} artworks updated in {$elapsed}s");
+
+            if (! $skipIndex) {
+                $this->info("  Dispatching Meilisearch index jobs …");
+                $this->trending->syncToSearchIndex($p);
+                $this->info("  ✓ Index jobs dispatched");
+            }
+        }
+
+        return self::SUCCESS;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/app/Console/Commands/ResetWindowedStatsCommand.php b/app/Console/Commands/ResetWindowedStatsCommand.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..13e29135
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/Console/Commands/ResetWindowedStatsCommand.php
@@ -0,0 +1,97 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace App\Console\Commands;
+
+use Illuminate\Console\Command;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\DB;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Log;
+
+/**
+ * php artisan skinbase:reset-windowed-stats --period=24h|7d
+ *
+ * Resets / recomputes the sliding-window stats columns in artwork_stats:
+ *
+ *   views_24h / views_7d
+ *     — Zeroed on each reset because we have no per-view event log.
+ *       Artworks re-accumulate from the next view event onward.
+ *       (Low-traffic reset window: 03:30 means minimal trending disruption.)
+ *
+ *   downloads_24h / downloads_7d
+ *     — Recomputed accurately from the artwork_downloads event log.
+ *       A single bulk UPDATE with a correlated COUNT() is safe here because
+ *       it runs once nightly/weekly, not in the hot path.
+ *
+ * Scheduled in routes/console.php:
+ *   --period=24h  daily at 03:30
+ *   --period=7d   weekly (Monday) at 03:30
+ */
+class ResetWindowedStatsCommand extends Command
+{
+    protected $signature = 'skinbase:reset-windowed-stats
+                            {--period=24h : Window to reset: 24h or 7d}';
+
+    protected $description = 'Reset windowed view/download counters in artwork_stats';
+
+    public function handle(): int
+    {
+        $period = (string) $this->option('period');
+
+        if (! in_array($period, ['24h', '7d'], true)) {
+            $this->error("Invalid period '{$period}'. Use 24h or 7d.");
+            return self::FAILURE;
+        }
+
+        [$viewsCol, $downloadsCol, $cutoff] = match ($period) {
+            '24h'   => ['views_24h', 'downloads_24h', now()->subDay()],
+            default => ['views_7d',  'downloads_7d',  now()->subDays(7)],
+        };
+
+        $start = microtime(true);
+
+        // ── 1. Zero the views window column ──────────────────────────────────
+        //    We have no per-view event log, so we reset the accumulator.
+        $viewsReset = DB::table('artwork_stats')->update([$viewsCol => 0]);
+
+        // ── 2. Recompute downloads window from the event log ─────────────────
+        //    artwork_downloads has created_at, so each row's window is accurate.
+        //    Chunked PHP loop avoids MySQL-only functions (GREATEST, INTERVAL)
+        //    so this command works in both MySQL (production) and SQLite (tests).
+        $downloadsRecomputed = 0;
+
+        DB::table('artwork_stats')
+            ->orderBy('artwork_id')
+            ->chunk(1000, function ($rows) use ($downloadsCol, $cutoff, &$downloadsRecomputed): void {
+                foreach ($rows as $row) {
+                    $count = DB::table('artwork_downloads')
+                        ->where('artwork_id', $row->artwork_id)
+                        ->where('created_at', '>=', $cutoff)
+                        ->count();
+
+                    DB::table('artwork_stats')
+                        ->where('artwork_id', $row->artwork_id)
+                        ->update([$downloadsCol => max(0, $count)]);
+
+                    $downloadsRecomputed++;
+                }
+            });
+
+        $elapsed = round(microtime(true) - $start, 2);
+
+        $this->info("Period: {$period}");
+        $this->info("  {$viewsCol}: zeroed {$viewsReset} rows");
+        $this->info("  {$downloadsCol}: recomputed {$downloadsRecomputed} rows ({$elapsed}s)");
+
+        Log::info('ResetWindowedStats complete', [
+            'period'               => $period,
+            'views_col'            => $viewsCol,
+            'views_rows_reset'     => $viewsReset,
+            'downloads_col'        => $downloadsCol,
+            'downloads_recomputed' => $downloadsRecomputed,
+            'elapsed_s'            => $elapsed,
+        ]);
+
+        return self::SUCCESS;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/app/Console/Kernel.php b/app/Console/Kernel.php
index 1d08be83..dddcba35 100644
--- a/app/Console/Kernel.php
+++ b/app/Console/Kernel.php
@@ -12,6 +12,7 @@ use App\Console\Commands\AggregateFeedAnalyticsCommand;
 use App\Console\Commands\EvaluateFeedWeightsCommand;
 use App\Console\Commands\AiTagArtworksCommand;
 use App\Console\Commands\CompareFeedAbCommand;
+use App\Console\Commands\RecalculateTrendingCommand;
 use App\Uploads\Commands\CleanupUploadsCommand;
 
 class Kernel extends ConsoleKernel
@@ -36,6 +37,7 @@ class Kernel extends ConsoleKernel
         CompareFeedAbCommand::class,
         AiTagArtworksCommand::class,
         \App\Console\Commands\MigrateFollows::class,
+        RecalculateTrendingCommand::class,
     ];
 
     /**
@@ -46,6 +48,9 @@ class Kernel extends ConsoleKernel
         $schedule->command('uploads:cleanup')->dailyAt('03:00');
         $schedule->command('analytics:aggregate-similar-artworks')->dailyAt('03:10');
         $schedule->command('analytics:aggregate-feed')->dailyAt('03:20');
+        // Recalculate trending scores every 30 minutes (staggered to reduce peak load)
+        $schedule->command('skinbase:recalculate-trending --period=24h')->everyThirtyMinutes();
+        $schedule->command('skinbase:recalculate-trending --period=7d --skip-index')->everyThirtyMinutes()->runInBackground();
     }
 
     /**
diff --git a/app/Http/Controllers/Api/ArtworkAwardController.php b/app/Http/Controllers/Api/ArtworkAwardController.php
index 36d1b2cb..b7353b69 100644
--- a/app/Http/Controllers/Api/ArtworkAwardController.php
+++ b/app/Http/Controllers/Api/ArtworkAwardController.php
@@ -34,6 +34,17 @@ final class ArtworkAwardController extends Controller
 
         $award = $this->service->award($artwork, $user, $data['medal']);
 
+        // Record activity event
+        try {
+            \App\Models\ActivityEvent::record(
+                actorId:    $user->id,
+                type:       \App\Models\ActivityEvent::TYPE_AWARD,
+                targetType: \App\Models\ActivityEvent::TARGET_ARTWORK,
+                targetId:   $artwork->id,
+                meta:       ['medal' => $data['medal']],
+            );
+        } catch (\Throwable) {}
+
         return response()->json(
             $this->buildPayload($artwork->id, $user->id),
             201
diff --git a/app/Http/Controllers/Api/ArtworkCommentController.php b/app/Http/Controllers/Api/ArtworkCommentController.php
index ba08ad62..c1ae32ca 100644
--- a/app/Http/Controllers/Api/ArtworkCommentController.php
+++ b/app/Http/Controllers/Api/ArtworkCommentController.php
@@ -93,6 +93,16 @@ class ArtworkCommentController extends Controller
 
         $comment->load(['user', 'user.profile']);
 
+        // Record activity event (fire-and-forget; never break the response)
+        try {
+            \App\Models\ActivityEvent::record(
+                actorId:    $request->user()->id,
+                type:       \App\Models\ActivityEvent::TYPE_COMMENT,
+                targetType: \App\Models\ActivityEvent::TARGET_ARTWORK,
+                targetId:   $artwork->id,
+            );
+        } catch (\Throwable) {}
+
         return response()->json(['data' => $this->formatComment($comment, $request->user()->id)], 201);
     }
 
diff --git a/app/Http/Controllers/Api/ArtworkDownloadController.php b/app/Http/Controllers/Api/ArtworkDownloadController.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..5748a09a
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/Http/Controllers/Api/ArtworkDownloadController.php
@@ -0,0 +1,96 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api;
+
+use App\Http\Controllers\Controller;
+use App\Models\Artwork;
+use App\Services\ArtworkStatsService;
+use App\Services\ThumbnailPresenter;
+use Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse;
+use Illuminate\Http\Request;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\DB;
+
+/**
+ * POST /api/art/{id}/download
+ *
+ * Records a download event and returns the full-resolution download URL.
+ *
+ * Responsibilities:
+ *   1. Validates the artwork is public and published.
+ *   2. Inserts a row in artwork_downloads (artwork_id, user_id, ip, user_agent).
+ *   3. Increments artwork_stats.downloads + forwards to creator stats.
+ *   4. Returns {"ok": true, "url": "<download_url>"} so the frontend can
+ *      trigger the actual browser download.
+ *
+ * The frontend fires this POST on click, then uses the returned URL to
+ * trigger the file download (or falls back to the pre-resolved URL it
+ * already has).
+ */
+final class ArtworkDownloadController extends Controller
+{
+    public function __construct(private readonly ArtworkStatsService $stats) {}
+
+    public function __invoke(Request $request, int $id): JsonResponse
+    {
+        $artwork = Artwork::public()
+            ->published()
+            ->with(['user:id'])
+            ->where('id', $id)
+            ->first();
+
+        if (! $artwork) {
+            return response()->json(['error' => 'Not found'], 404);
+        }
+
+        // Record the download event — non-blocking, errors are swallowed.
+        $this->recordDownload($request, $artwork);
+
+        // Increment counters — deferred via Redis when available.
+        $this->stats->incrementDownloads((int) $artwork->id, 1, defer: true);
+
+        // Resolve the highest-resolution download URL available.
+        $url = $this->resolveDownloadUrl($artwork);
+
+        return response()->json(['ok' => true, 'url' => $url]);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Insert a row in artwork_downloads.
+     * Uses a raw insert for the binary(16) IP column.
+     * Silently ignores failures (analytics should never break user flow).
+     */
+    private function recordDownload(Request $request, Artwork $artwork): void
+    {
+        try {
+            $ip  = $request->ip() ?? '0.0.0.0';
+            $bin = @inet_pton($ip);
+
+            DB::table('artwork_downloads')->insert([
+                'artwork_id' => $artwork->id,
+                'user_id'    => $request->user()?->id,
+                'ip'         => $bin !== false ? $bin : null,
+                'user_agent' => mb_substr((string) $request->userAgent(), 0, 512),
+                'created_at' => now(),
+            ]);
+        } catch (\Throwable) {
+            // Analytics failure must never interrupt the download.
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Resolve the best available download URL: XL → LG → MD.
+     * Returns an empty string if no thumbnail can be resolved.
+     */
+    private function resolveDownloadUrl(Artwork $artwork): string
+    {
+        foreach (['xl', 'lg', 'md'] as $size) {
+            $thumb = ThumbnailPresenter::present($artwork, $size);
+            if (! empty($thumb['url'])) {
+                return (string) $thumb['url'];
+            }
+        }
+        return '';
+    }
+}
diff --git a/app/Http/Controllers/Api/ArtworkInteractionController.php b/app/Http/Controllers/Api/ArtworkInteractionController.php
index f118a2c8..bc8a6d26 100644
--- a/app/Http/Controllers/Api/ArtworkInteractionController.php
+++ b/app/Http/Controllers/Api/ArtworkInteractionController.php
@@ -36,6 +36,16 @@ final class ArtworkInteractionController extends Controller
             if ($state) {
                 $svc->incrementFavoritesReceived($creatorId);
                 $svc->setLastActiveAt((int) $request->user()->id);
+
+                // Record activity event (new favourite only)
+                try {
+                    \App\Models\ActivityEvent::record(
+                        actorId:    (int) $request->user()->id,
+                        type:       \App\Models\ActivityEvent::TYPE_FAVORITE,
+                        targetType: \App\Models\ActivityEvent::TARGET_ARTWORK,
+                        targetId:   $artworkId,
+                    );
+                } catch (\Throwable) {}
             } else {
                 $svc->decrementFavoritesReceived($creatorId);
             }
diff --git a/app/Http/Controllers/Api/ArtworkViewController.php b/app/Http/Controllers/Api/ArtworkViewController.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..bb9e1fca
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/Http/Controllers/Api/ArtworkViewController.php
@@ -0,0 +1,62 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api;
+
+use App\Http\Controllers\Controller;
+use App\Models\Artwork;
+use App\Services\ArtworkStatsService;
+use Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse;
+use Illuminate\Http\Request;
+
+/**
+ * POST /api/art/{id}/view
+ *
+ * Fire-and-forget view tracker.
+ *
+ * Deduplication strategy (layered):
+ *   1. Session key (`art_viewed.{id}`) — prevents double-counts within the
+ *      same browser session (survives page reloads).
+ *   2. Route throttle (5 per 10 minutes per IP+artwork) — catches bots that
+ *      don't send session cookies.
+ *
+ * The frontend should additionally guard with sessionStorage so it only
+ * calls this endpoint once per page load.
+ */
+final class ArtworkViewController extends Controller
+{
+    public function __construct(private readonly ArtworkStatsService $stats) {}
+
+    public function __invoke(Request $request, int $id): JsonResponse
+    {
+        $artwork = Artwork::public()
+            ->published()
+            ->where('id', $id)
+            ->first();
+
+        if (! $artwork) {
+            return response()->json(['error' => 'Not found'], 404);
+        }
+
+        $sessionKey = 'art_viewed.' . $id;
+
+        // Already counted this session — return early without touching the DB.
+        if ($request->hasSession() && $request->session()->has($sessionKey)) {
+            return response()->json(['ok' => true, 'counted' => false]);
+        }
+
+        // Write persistent event log (auth user_id or null for guests).
+        $this->stats->logViewEvent((int) $artwork->id, $request->user()?->id);
+
+        // Defer to Redis when available, fall back to direct DB increment.
+        $this->stats->incrementViews((int) $artwork->id, 1, defer: true);
+
+        // Mark this session so the artwork is not counted again.
+        if ($request->hasSession()) {
+            $request->session()->put($sessionKey, true);
+        }
+
+        return response()->json(['ok' => true, 'counted' => true]);
+    }
+}
diff --git a/app/Http/Controllers/Api/Messaging/MessagingSettingsController.php b/app/Http/Controllers/Api/Messaging/MessagingSettingsController.php
index 4cba0b4c..368ce4d8 100644
--- a/app/Http/Controllers/Api/Messaging/MessagingSettingsController.php
+++ b/app/Http/Controllers/Api/Messaging/MessagingSettingsController.php
@@ -18,6 +18,7 @@ class MessagingSettingsController extends Controller
     {
         return response()->json([
             'allow_messages_from' => $request->user()->allow_messages_from ?? 'everyone',
+            'realtime_enabled' => (bool) config('messaging.realtime', false),
         ]);
     }
 
@@ -31,6 +32,7 @@ class MessagingSettingsController extends Controller
 
         return response()->json([
             'allow_messages_from' => $request->user()->allow_messages_from,
+            'realtime_enabled' => (bool) config('messaging.realtime', false),
         ]);
     }
 }
diff --git a/app/Http/Controllers/Api/SimilarArtworksController.php b/app/Http/Controllers/Api/SimilarArtworksController.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..48dc91ed
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/Http/Controllers/Api/SimilarArtworksController.php
@@ -0,0 +1,121 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace App\Http\Controllers\Api;
+
+use App\Http\Controllers\Controller;
+use App\Models\Artwork;
+use App\Services\ArtworkSearchService;
+use Illuminate\Http\JsonResponse;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Cache;
+
+/**
+ * GET /api/art/{id}/similar
+ *
+ * Returns up to 12 similar artworks based on:
+ *   1. Tag overlap (primary signal)
+ *   2. Same category
+ *   3. Similar orientation
+ *
+ * Uses Meilisearch via ArtworkSearchService for fast retrieval.
+ * Current artwork and its creator are excluded from results.
+ */
+final class SimilarArtworksController extends Controller
+{
+    private const LIMIT     = 12;
+    private const CACHE_TTL = 300; // 5 minutes
+
+    public function __construct(private readonly ArtworkSearchService $search) {}
+
+    public function __invoke(int $id): JsonResponse
+    {
+        $artwork = Artwork::public()
+            ->published()
+            ->with(['tags:id,slug', 'categories:id,slug'])
+            ->find($id);
+
+        if (! $artwork) {
+            return response()->json(['error' => 'Artwork not found'], 404);
+        }
+
+        $cacheKey = "api.similar.{$artwork->id}";
+
+        $items = Cache::remember($cacheKey, self::CACHE_TTL, function () use ($artwork) {
+            return $this->findSimilar($artwork);
+        });
+
+        return response()->json(['data' => $items]);
+    }
+
+    private function findSimilar(Artwork $artwork): array
+    {
+        $tagSlugs    = $artwork->tags->pluck('slug')->values()->all();
+        $categorySlugs = $artwork->categories->pluck('slug')->values()->all();
+        $orientation = $this->orientation($artwork);
+
+        // Build Meilisearch filter: exclude self and same creator
+        $filterParts = [
+            'is_public = true',
+            'is_approved = true',
+            'id != ' . $artwork->id,
+            'author_id != ' . $artwork->user_id,
+        ];
+
+        // Filter by same orientation (landscape/portrait) — improves visual coherence
+        if ($orientation !== 'square') {
+            $filterParts[] = 'orientation = "' . $orientation . '"';
+        }
+
+        // Priority 1: tag overlap (OR match across tags)
+        if ($tagSlugs !== []) {
+            $tagFilter = implode(' OR ', array_map(
+                fn (string $t): string => 'tags = "' . addslashes($t) . '"',
+                $tagSlugs
+            ));
+            $filterParts[] = '(' . $tagFilter . ')';
+        } elseif ($categorySlugs !== []) {
+            // Fallback to category if no tags
+            $catFilter = implode(' OR ', array_map(
+                fn (string $c): string => 'category = "' . addslashes($c) . '"',
+                $categorySlugs
+            ));
+            $filterParts[] = '(' . $catFilter . ')';
+        }
+
+        $results = Artwork::search('')
+            ->options([
+                'filter' => implode(' AND ', $filterParts),
+                'sort'   => ['trending_score_7d:desc', 'likes:desc'],
+            ])
+            ->paginate(self::LIMIT);
+
+        return $results->getCollection()
+            ->map(fn (Artwork $a): array => [
+                'id'           => $a->id,
+                'title'        => $a->title,
+                'slug'         => $a->slug,
+                'thumb'        => $a->thumbUrl('md'),
+                'url'          => '/art/' . $a->id . '/' . $a->slug,
+                'author_id'    => $a->user_id,
+                'orientation'  => $this->orientation($a),
+                'width'        => $a->width,
+                'height'       => $a->height,
+            ])
+            ->values()
+            ->all();
+    }
+
+    private function orientation(Artwork $artwork): string
+    {
+        if (! $artwork->width || ! $artwork->height) {
+            return 'square';
+        }
+
+        return match (true) {
+            $artwork->width > $artwork->height => 'landscape',
+            $artwork->height > $artwork->width => 'portrait',
+            default => 'square',
+        };
+    }
+}
diff --git a/app/Http/Controllers/Api/UploadController.php b/app/Http/Controllers/Api/UploadController.php
index fdbf5ac8..6b0baf88 100644
--- a/app/Http/Controllers/Api/UploadController.php
+++ b/app/Http/Controllers/Api/UploadController.php
@@ -518,6 +518,16 @@ final class UploadController extends Controller
             $artwork->published_at = now();
             $artwork->save();
 
+            // Record upload activity event
+            try {
+                \App\Models\ActivityEvent::record(
+                    actorId:    (int) $user->id,
+                    type:       \App\Models\ActivityEvent::TYPE_UPLOAD,
+                    targetType: \App\Models\ActivityEvent::TARGET_ARTWORK,
+                    targetId:   (int) $artwork->id,
+                );
+            } catch (\Throwable) {}
+
             return response()->json([
                 'success' => true,
                 'artwork_id' => (int) $artwork->id,
diff --git a/app/Http/Controllers/Web/CommunityActivityController.php b/app/Http/Controllers/Web/CommunityActivityController.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e79d629f
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/Http/Controllers/Web/CommunityActivityController.php
@@ -0,0 +1,124 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace App\Http\Controllers\Web;
+
+use App\Http\Controllers\Controller;
+use App\Models\ActivityEvent;
+use App\Models\Artwork;
+use App\Models\User;
+use Illuminate\Http\Request;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\DB;
+
+/**
+ * Community activity feed.
+ *
+ * GET /community/activity?type=global|following
+ */
+final class CommunityActivityController extends Controller
+{
+    private const PER_PAGE = 30;
+
+    public function index(Request $request)
+    {
+        $user   = $request->user();
+        $type   = $request->query('type', 'global'); // global | following
+        $perPage = self::PER_PAGE;
+
+        $query = ActivityEvent::query()
+            ->orderByDesc('created_at')
+            ->with(['actor:id,name,username']);
+
+        if ($type === 'following' && $user) {
+            // Show only events from followed users
+            $followingIds = DB::table('user_followers')
+                ->where('follower_id', $user->id)
+                ->pluck('user_id')
+                ->all();
+
+            if (empty($followingIds)) {
+                $query->whereRaw('0 = 1'); // empty result set
+            } else {
+                $query->whereIn('actor_id', $followingIds);
+            }
+        }
+
+        $events   = $query->paginate($perPage)->withQueryString();
+        $enriched = $this->enrich($events->getCollection());
+
+        return view('web.community.activity', [
+            'events'     => $events,
+            'enriched'   => $enriched,
+            'active_tab' => $type,
+            'page_title' => 'Community Activity',
+        ]);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Attach target object data to each event for display.
+     */
+    private function enrich(\Illuminate\Support\Collection $events): \Illuminate\Support\Collection
+    {
+        // Collect artwork IDs and user IDs to eager-load
+        $artworkIds = $events
+            ->where('target_type', ActivityEvent::TARGET_ARTWORK)
+            ->pluck('target_id')
+            ->unique()
+            ->values()
+            ->all();
+
+        $userIds = $events
+            ->where('target_type', ActivityEvent::TARGET_USER)
+            ->pluck('target_id')
+            ->unique()
+            ->values()
+            ->all();
+
+        $artworks = Artwork::whereIn('id', $artworkIds)
+            ->with('user:id,name,username')
+            ->get(['id', 'title', 'slug', 'user_id', 'hash', 'thumb_ext'])
+            ->keyBy('id');
+
+        $users = User::whereIn('id', $userIds)
+            ->with('profile:user_id,avatar_hash')
+            ->get(['id', 'name', 'username'])
+            ->keyBy('id');
+
+        return $events->map(function (ActivityEvent $event) use ($artworks, $users): array {
+            $target = null;
+
+            if ($event->target_type === ActivityEvent::TARGET_ARTWORK) {
+                $artwork = $artworks->get($event->target_id);
+                $target  = $artwork ? [
+                    'id'    => $artwork->id,
+                    'title' => $artwork->title,
+                    'url'   => '/art/' . $artwork->id . '/' . $artwork->slug,
+                    'thumb' => $artwork->thumbUrl('sm'),
+                ] : null;
+            } elseif ($event->target_type === ActivityEvent::TARGET_USER) {
+                $u      = $users->get($event->target_id);
+                $target = $u ? [
+                    'id'       => $u->id,
+                    'name'     => $u->name,
+                    'username' => $u->username,
+                    'url'      => '/@' . $u->username,
+                ] : null;
+            }
+
+            return [
+                'id'          => $event->id,
+                'type'        => $event->type,
+                'target_type' => $event->target_type,
+                'actor'       => [
+                    'id'       => $event->actor?->id,
+                    'name'     => $event->actor?->name,
+                    'username' => $event->actor?->username,
+                    'url'      => '/@' . $event->actor?->username,
+                ],
+                'target'      => $target,
+                'created_at'  => $event->created_at?->toIso8601String(),
+            ];
+        });
+    }
+}
diff --git a/app/Http/Controllers/Web/DiscoverController.php b/app/Http/Controllers/Web/DiscoverController.php
index 08f3b68b..58b6aa4c 100644
--- a/app/Http/Controllers/Web/DiscoverController.php
+++ b/app/Http/Controllers/Web/DiscoverController.php
@@ -8,6 +8,7 @@ use App\Services\ArtworkSearchService;
 use App\Services\ArtworkService;
 use App\Services\ThumbnailPresenter;
 use Illuminate\Http\Request;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Cache;
 use Illuminate\Support\Facades\DB;
 use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;
 
@@ -190,26 +191,56 @@ final class DiscoverController extends Controller
             ->pluck('user_id');
 
         if ($followingIds->isEmpty()) {
-            $artworks = Artwork::query()->paginate(0);
+            // Trending fallback: show popular artworks so the page isn't blank
+            try {
+                $fallbackResults = $this->searchService->discoverTrending(12);
+                $fallbackArtworks = $fallbackResults->getCollection()
+                    ->transform(fn ($a) => $this->presentArtwork($a));
+            } catch (\Throwable) {
+                $fallbackArtworks = collect();
+            }
+
+            // Suggested creators: most-followed users the viewer doesn't follow yet
+            $suggestedCreators = DB::table('users')
+                ->join('user_statistics', 'users.id', '=', 'user_statistics.user_id')
+                ->where('users.id', '!=', $user->id)
+                ->whereNotNull('users.email_verified_at')
+                ->where('users.is_active', true)
+                ->orderByDesc('user_statistics.followers_count')
+                ->limit(8)
+                ->select(
+                    'users.id',
+                    'users.name',
+                    'users.username',
+                    'user_statistics.followers_count',
+                )
+                ->get();
 
             return view('web.discover.index', [
-                'artworks'    => $artworks,
-                'page_title'  => 'Following Feed',
-                'section'     => 'following',
-                'description' => 'Follow some creators to see their work here.',
-                'icon'        => 'fa-user-group',
-                'empty'       => true,
+                'artworks'           => collect(),
+                'page_title'         => 'Following Feed',
+                'section'            => 'following',
+                'description'        => 'Follow some creators to see their work here.',
+                'icon'               => 'fa-user-group',
+                'empty'              => true,
+                'fallback_trending'  => $fallbackArtworks,
+                'fallback_creators'  => $suggestedCreators,
             ]);
         }
 
-        $artworks = Artwork::query()
-            ->public()
-            ->published()
-            ->with(['user:id,name,username', 'categories:id,name,slug,content_type_id,parent_id,sort_order'])
-            ->whereIn('user_id', $followingIds)
-            ->orderByDesc('published_at')
-            ->paginate($perPage)
-            ->withQueryString();
+        $page    = (int) request()->get('page', 1);
+        $cacheKey = "discover.following.{$user->id}.p{$page}";
+
+        $artworks = Cache::remember($cacheKey, 60, function () use ($user, $followingIds, $perPage): \Illuminate\Pagination\LengthAwarePaginator {
+            return Artwork::query()
+                ->public()
+                ->published()
+                ->with(['user:id,name,username', 'categories:id,name,slug,content_type_id,parent_id,sort_order'])
+                ->whereIn('user_id', $followingIds)
+                ->orderByDesc('published_at')
+                ->paginate($perPage)
+                ->withQueryString();
+        });
 
         $artworks->getCollection()->transform(fn ($a) => $this->presentArtwork($a));
 
diff --git a/app/Http/Controllers/Web/HomeController.php b/app/Http/Controllers/Web/HomeController.php
index fef2ddbb..173105b0 100644
--- a/app/Http/Controllers/Web/HomeController.php
+++ b/app/Http/Controllers/Web/HomeController.php
@@ -14,7 +14,10 @@ final class HomeController extends Controller
 
     public function index(Request $request): \Illuminate\View\View
     {
-        $sections = $this->homepage->all();
+        $user     = $request->user();
+        $sections = $user
+            ? $this->homepage->allForUser($user)
+            : $this->homepage->all();
 
         $hero = $sections['hero'];
 
@@ -27,8 +30,9 @@ final class HomeController extends Controller
         ];
 
         return view('web.home', [
-            'meta'    => $meta,
-            'props'   => $sections,
+            'meta'         => $meta,
+            'props'        => $sections,
+            'is_logged_in' => (bool) $user,
         ]);
     }
 }
diff --git a/app/Models/ActivityEvent.php b/app/Models/ActivityEvent.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..4540f966
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/Models/ActivityEvent.php
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace App\Models;
+
+use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Model;
+use Illuminate\Database\Eloquent\Relations\BelongsTo;
+
+/**
+ * Unified activity feed event.
+ *
+ * Types: upload | comment | favorite | award | follow
+ * target_type: artwork | user
+ *
+ * @property int    $id
+ * @property int    $actor_id
+ * @property string $type
+ * @property string $target_type
+ * @property int    $target_id
+ * @property array|null $meta
+ * @property \Illuminate\Support\Carbon $created_at
+ */
+class ActivityEvent extends Model
+{
+    protected $table = 'activity_events';
+
+    public $timestamps = false;
+
+    const CREATED_AT = 'created_at';
+    const UPDATED_AT = null;
+
+    protected $fillable = [
+        'actor_id',
+        'type',
+        'target_type',
+        'target_id',
+        'meta',
+    ];
+
+    protected $casts = [
+        'actor_id'   => 'integer',
+        'target_id'  => 'integer',
+        'meta'       => 'array',
+        'created_at' => 'datetime',
+    ];
+
+    // ── Event type constants ──────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    const TYPE_UPLOAD   = 'upload';
+    const TYPE_COMMENT  = 'comment';
+    const TYPE_FAVORITE = 'favorite';
+    const TYPE_AWARD    = 'award';
+    const TYPE_FOLLOW   = 'follow';
+
+    const TARGET_ARTWORK = 'artwork';
+    const TARGET_USER    = 'user';
+
+    // ── Relations ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    /** The user who performed the action */
+    public function actor(): BelongsTo
+    {
+        return $this->belongsTo(User::class, 'actor_id');
+    }
+
+    // ── Factory helpers ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    public static function record(
+        int    $actorId,
+        string $type,
+        string $targetType,
+        int    $targetId,
+        array  $meta = []
+    ): static {
+        $event = static::create([
+            'actor_id'    => $actorId,
+            'type'        => $type,
+            'target_type' => $targetType,
+            'target_id'   => $targetId,
+            'meta'        => $meta ?: null,
+            'created_at'  => now(),
+        ]);
+
+        // Ensure created_at is available on the returned instance
+        // ($timestamps = false means Eloquent doesn't auto-populate it)
+        if ($event->created_at === null) {
+            $event->created_at = now();
+        }
+
+        return $event;
+    }
+}
diff --git a/app/Models/Artwork.php b/app/Models/Artwork.php
index 8384c7cd..0e2f2b80 100644
--- a/app/Models/Artwork.php
+++ b/app/Models/Artwork.php
@@ -250,6 +250,12 @@ class Artwork extends Model
 			'created_at'  => $this->published_at?->toDateString() ?? $this->created_at?->toDateString() ?? '',
 			'is_public'   => (bool) $this->is_public,
 			'is_approved' => (bool) $this->is_approved,
+			// ── Trending / discovery fields ────────────────────────────────────
+			'trending_score_24h'    => (float) ($this->trending_score_24h ?? 0),
+			'trending_score_7d'     => (float) ($this->trending_score_7d  ?? 0),
+			'favorites_count'       => (int)   ($stat?->favorites         ?? 0),
+			'awards_received_count' => (int)   ($awardStat?->score_total  ?? 0),
+			'downloads_count'       => (int)   ($stat?->downloads         ?? 0),
 			'awards' => [
 				'gold'   => $awardStat?->gold_count   ?? 0,
 				'silver' => $awardStat?->silver_count ?? 0,
diff --git a/app/Services/ArtworkSearchService.php b/app/Services/ArtworkSearchService.php
index ff5aeedc..78018b2b 100644
--- a/app/Services/ArtworkSearchService.php
+++ b/app/Services/ArtworkSearchService.php
@@ -175,8 +175,8 @@ final class ArtworkSearchService
     // ── Discover section helpers ───────────────────────────────────────────────
 
     /**
-     * Trending: most viewed artworks, weighted toward recent uploads.
-     * Uses views:desc + recency via created_at:desc as tiebreaker.
+     * Trending: sorted by pre-computed trending_score_24h (recalculated every 30 min).
+     * Falls back to views:desc if the column is not yet populated.
      */
     public function discoverTrending(int $perPage = 24): LengthAwarePaginator
     {
@@ -185,7 +185,7 @@ final class ArtworkSearchService
             return Artwork::search('')
                 ->options([
                     'filter' => self::BASE_FILTER,
-                    'sort'   => ['views:desc', 'created_at:desc'],
+                    'sort'   => ['trending_score_24h:desc', 'trending_score_7d:desc', 'views:desc', 'created_at:desc'],
                 ])
                 ->paginate($perPage);
         });
@@ -239,6 +239,64 @@ final class ArtworkSearchService
         });
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Artworks matching any of the given tag slugs, sorted by trending score.
+     * Used for personalized "Because you like {tags}" homepage section.
+     *
+     * @param string[] $tagSlugs
+     */
+    public function discoverByTags(array $tagSlugs, int $limit = 12): LengthAwarePaginator
+    {
+        if (empty($tagSlugs)) {
+            return $this->popular($limit);
+        }
+
+        $tagFilter = implode(' OR ', array_map(
+            fn (string $t): string => 'tags = "' . addslashes($t) . '"',
+            array_slice($tagSlugs, 0, 5)
+        ));
+
+        $cacheKey = 'discover.by-tags.' . md5(implode(',', $tagSlugs));
+
+        return Cache::remember($cacheKey, self::CACHE_TTL, function () use ($tagFilter, $limit) {
+            return Artwork::search('')
+                ->options([
+                    'filter' => self::BASE_FILTER . ' AND (' . $tagFilter . ')',
+                    'sort'   => ['trending_score_7d:desc', 'likes:desc'],
+                ])
+                ->paginate($limit);
+        });
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Fresh artworks in given categories, sorted by created_at desc.
+     * Used for personalized "Fresh in your favourite categories" section.
+     *
+     * @param string[] $categorySlugs
+     */
+    public function discoverByCategories(array $categorySlugs, int $limit = 12): LengthAwarePaginator
+    {
+        if (empty($categorySlugs)) {
+            return $this->recent($limit);
+        }
+
+        $catFilter = implode(' OR ', array_map(
+            fn (string $c): string => 'category = "' . addslashes($c) . '"',
+            array_slice($categorySlugs, 0, 3)
+        ));
+
+        $cacheKey = 'discover.by-cats.' . md5(implode(',', $categorySlugs));
+
+        return Cache::remember($cacheKey, self::CACHE_TTL, function () use ($catFilter, $limit) {
+            return Artwork::search('')
+                ->options([
+                    'filter' => self::BASE_FILTER . ' AND (' . $catFilter . ')',
+                    'sort'   => ['created_at:desc'],
+                ])
+                ->paginate($limit);
+        });
+    }
+
     // -------------------------------------------------------------------------
 
     private function parseSort(string $sort): array
diff --git a/app/Services/ArtworkStatsService.php b/app/Services/ArtworkStatsService.php
index ec815f9d..118a5a16 100644
--- a/app/Services/ArtworkStatsService.php
+++ b/app/Services/ArtworkStatsService.php
@@ -23,26 +23,56 @@ class ArtworkStatsService
     /**
      * Increment views for an artwork.
      * Set $defer=true to push to Redis for async processing when available.
+     * Both all-time (views) and windowed (views_24h, views_7d) are updated.
      */
     public function incrementViews(int $artworkId, int $by = 1, bool $defer = false): void
     {
         if ($defer && $this->redisAvailable()) {
-            $this->pushDelta($artworkId, 'views', $by);
+            $this->pushDelta($artworkId, 'views',     $by);
+            $this->pushDelta($artworkId, 'views_24h', $by);
+            $this->pushDelta($artworkId, 'views_7d',  $by);
             return;
         }
-        $this->applyDelta($artworkId, ['views' => $by]);
+        $this->applyDelta($artworkId, ['views' => $by, 'views_24h' => $by, 'views_7d' => $by]);
     }
 
     /**
      * Increment downloads for an artwork.
+     * Both all-time (downloads) and windowed (downloads_24h, downloads_7d) are updated.
      */
     public function incrementDownloads(int $artworkId, int $by = 1, bool $defer = false): void
     {
         if ($defer && $this->redisAvailable()) {
-            $this->pushDelta($artworkId, 'downloads', $by);
+            $this->pushDelta($artworkId, 'downloads',     $by);
+            $this->pushDelta($artworkId, 'downloads_24h', $by);
+            $this->pushDelta($artworkId, 'downloads_7d',  $by);
             return;
         }
-        $this->applyDelta($artworkId, ['downloads' => $by]);
+        $this->applyDelta($artworkId, ['downloads' => $by, 'downloads_24h' => $by, 'downloads_7d' => $by]);
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Write one row to artwork_view_events (the persistent event log).
+     *
+     * Called from ArtworkViewController after session dedup passes.
+     * Guests (unauthenticated) are recorded with user_id = null.
+     * Rows are pruned after 90 days by skinbase:prune-view-events.
+     */
+    public function logViewEvent(int $artworkId, ?int $userId): void
+    {
+        try {
+            DB::table('artwork_view_events')->insert([
+                'artwork_id' => $artworkId,
+                'user_id'    => $userId,
+                'viewed_at'  => now(),
+            ]);
+        } catch (Throwable $e) {
+            Log::warning('Failed to write artwork_view_events row', [
+                'artwork_id' => $artworkId,
+                'user_id'    => $userId,
+                'error'      => $e->getMessage(),
+            ]);
+        }
     }
 
     /**
@@ -75,17 +105,21 @@ class ArtworkStatsService
             DB::transaction(function () use ($artworkId, $deltas) {
                 // Ensure a stats row exists — insert default zeros if missing.
                 DB::table('artwork_stats')->insertOrIgnore([
-                    'artwork_id'   => $artworkId,
-                    'views'        => 0,
-                    'downloads'    => 0,
-                    'favorites'    => 0,
-                    'rating_avg'   => 0,
-                    'rating_count' => 0,
+                    'artwork_id'    => $artworkId,
+                    'views'         => 0,
+                    'views_24h'     => 0,
+                    'views_7d'      => 0,
+                    'downloads'     => 0,
+                    'downloads_24h' => 0,
+                    'downloads_7d'  => 0,
+                    'favorites'     => 0,
+                    'rating_avg'    => 0,
+                    'rating_count'  => 0,
                 ]);
 
                 foreach ($deltas as $column => $value) {
                     // Only allow known columns to avoid SQL injection.
-                    if (! in_array($column, ['views', 'downloads', 'favorites', 'rating_count'], true)) {
+                    if (! in_array($column, ['views', 'views_24h', 'views_7d', 'downloads', 'downloads_24h', 'downloads_7d', 'favorites', 'rating_count'], true)) {
                         continue;
                     }
 
diff --git a/app/Services/FollowService.php b/app/Services/FollowService.php
index 3a216ab7..cd29cdbf 100644
--- a/app/Services/FollowService.php
+++ b/app/Services/FollowService.php
@@ -50,6 +50,18 @@ final class FollowService
             $this->incrementCounter($targetId, 'followers_count');
         });
 
+        // Record activity event outside the transaction to avoid deadlocks
+        if ($inserted) {
+            try {
+                \App\Models\ActivityEvent::record(
+                    actorId: $actorId,
+                    type: \App\Models\ActivityEvent::TYPE_FOLLOW,
+                    targetType: \App\Models\ActivityEvent::TARGET_USER,
+                    targetId: $targetId,
+                );
+            } catch (\Throwable) {}
+        }
+
         return $inserted;
     }
 
diff --git a/app/Services/HomepageService.php b/app/Services/HomepageService.php
index 57c309aa..2b5687c2 100644
--- a/app/Services/HomepageService.php
+++ b/app/Services/HomepageService.php
@@ -6,6 +6,8 @@ namespace App\Services;
 
 use App\Models\Artwork;
 use App\Models\Tag;
+use App\Services\ArtworkSearchService;
+use App\Services\UserPreferenceService;
 use App\Support\AvatarUrl;
 use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Cache;
 use Illuminate\Support\Facades\DB;
@@ -23,7 +25,11 @@ final class HomepageService
 {
     private const CACHE_TTL = 300; // 5 minutes
 
-    public function __construct(private readonly ArtworkService $artworks) {}
+    public function __construct(
+        private readonly ArtworkService       $artworks,
+        private readonly ArtworkSearchService $search,
+        private readonly UserPreferenceService $prefs,
+    ) {}
 
     // ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
     // Public aggregator
@@ -44,6 +50,36 @@ final class HomepageService
         ];
     }
 
+    /**
+     * Personalized homepage data for an authenticated user.
+     *
+     * Sections:
+     *   1. from_following   – artworks from creators you follow
+     *   2. trending         – same trending feed as guests
+     *   3. by_tags          – artworks matching user's top tags
+     *   4. by_categories    – fresh uploads in user's favourite categories
+     *   5. tags / creators / news – shared with guest homepage
+     */
+    public function allForUser(\App\Models\User $user): array
+    {
+        $prefs = $this->prefs->build($user);
+
+        return [
+            'hero'           => $this->getHeroArtwork(),
+            'from_following' => $this->getFollowingFeed($user, $prefs),
+            'trending'       => $this->getTrending(),
+            'by_tags'        => $this->getByTags($prefs['top_tags'] ?? []),
+            'by_categories'  => $this->getByCategories($prefs['top_categories'] ?? []),
+            'tags'           => $this->getPopularTags(),
+            'creators'       => $this->getCreatorSpotlight(),
+            'news'           => $this->getNews(),
+            'preferences'    => [
+                'top_tags'       => $prefs['top_tags']       ?? [],
+                'top_categories' => $prefs['top_categories'] ?? [],
+            ],
+        ];
+    }
+
     // ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
     // Sections
     // ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
@@ -72,54 +108,61 @@ final class HomepageService
     }
 
     /**
-     * Trending: up to 12 artworks ordered by award score, views, downloads, recent activity.
+     * Trending: up to 12 artworks sorted by pre-computed trending_score_7d.
      *
-     * Award score = SUM(weight × medal_value) where gold=3, silver=2, bronze=1.
-     * Uses correlated subqueries to avoid GROUP BY issues with MySQL strict mode.
+     * Uses Meilisearch sorted by the pre-computed score (updated every 30 min).
+     * Falls back to DB ORDER BY trending_score_7d if Meilisearch is unavailable.
+     * Spec: no heavy joins in the hot path.
      */
     public function getTrending(int $limit = 12): array
     {
         return Cache::remember("homepage.trending.{$limit}", self::CACHE_TTL, function () use ($limit): array {
-            $ids = DB::table('artworks')
-                ->select('id')
-                ->selectRaw(
-                    '(SELECT COALESCE(SUM(weight * CASE medal'
-                    . ' WHEN \'gold\' THEN 3'
-                    . ' WHEN \'silver\' THEN 2'
-                    . ' ELSE 1 END), 0)'
-                    . ' FROM artwork_awards WHERE artwork_awards.artwork_id = artworks.id) AS award_score'
-                )
-                ->selectRaw('COALESCE((SELECT views     FROM artwork_stats WHERE artwork_stats.artwork_id = artworks.id), 0) AS stat_views')
-                ->selectRaw('COALESCE((SELECT downloads FROM artwork_stats WHERE artwork_stats.artwork_id = artworks.id), 0) AS stat_downloads')
-                ->where('is_public', true)
-                ->where('is_approved', true)
-                ->whereNull('deleted_at')
-                ->whereNotNull('published_at')
-                ->where('published_at', '>=', now()->subDays(30))
-                ->orderByDesc('award_score')
-                ->orderByDesc('stat_views')
-                ->orderByDesc('stat_downloads')
-                ->orderByDesc('published_at')
-                ->limit($limit)
-                ->pluck('id');
+            try {
+                $results = Artwork::search('')
+                    ->options([
+                        'filter' => 'is_public = true AND is_approved = true',
+                        'sort'   => ['trending_score_7d:desc', 'trending_score_24h:desc', 'views:desc'],
+                    ])
+                    ->paginate($limit, 'page', 1);
 
-            if ($ids->isEmpty()) {
-                return [];
+                $results->getCollection()->load(['user:id,name,username', 'user.profile:user_id,avatar_hash']);
+
+                if ($results->isEmpty()) {
+                    return $this->getTrendingFromDb($limit);
+                }
+
+                return $results->getCollection()
+                    ->map(fn ($a) => $this->serializeArtwork($a))
+                    ->values()
+                    ->all();
+            } catch (\Throwable $e) {
+                Log::warning('HomepageService::getTrending Meilisearch unavailable, DB fallback', [
+                    'error' => $e->getMessage(),
+                ]);
+
+                return $this->getTrendingFromDb($limit);
             }
-
-            $indexed = Artwork::with(['user:id,name,username', 'user.profile:user_id,avatar_hash'])
-                ->whereIn('id', $ids)
-                ->get()
-                ->keyBy('id');
-
-            return $ids
-                ->filter(fn ($id) => $indexed->has($id))
-                ->map(fn ($id) => $this->serializeArtwork($indexed[$id]))
-                ->values()
-                ->all();
         });
     }
 
+    /**
+     * DB-only fallback for trending (Meilisearch unavailable).
+     * Uses pre-computed trending_score_7d column — no correlated subqueries.
+     */
+    private function getTrendingFromDb(int $limit): array
+    {
+        return Artwork::public()
+            ->published()
+            ->with(['user:id,name,username', 'user.profile:user_id,avatar_hash'])
+            ->orderByDesc('trending_score_7d')
+            ->orderByDesc('trending_score_24h')
+            ->limit($limit)
+            ->get()
+            ->map(fn ($a) => $this->serializeArtwork($a))
+            ->values()
+            ->all();
+    }
+
     /**
      * Fresh uploads: latest 12 approved public artworks.
      */
@@ -268,6 +311,84 @@ final class HomepageService
         });
     }
 
+    // ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+    // Personalized sections (auth only)
+    // ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+    /**
+     * Latest artworks from creators the user follows (max 12).
+     */
+    public function getFollowingFeed(\App\Models\User $user, array $prefs): array
+    {
+        $followingIds = $prefs['followed_creators'] ?? [];
+
+        if (empty($followingIds)) {
+            return [];
+        }
+
+        return Cache::remember(
+            "homepage.following.{$user->id}",
+            60, // short TTL – personal data
+            function () use ($followingIds): array {
+                $artworks = Artwork::public()
+                    ->published()
+                    ->with(['user:id,name,username', 'user.profile:user_id,avatar_hash'])
+                    ->whereIn('user_id', $followingIds)
+                    ->orderByDesc('published_at')
+                    ->limit(12)
+                    ->get();
+
+                return $artworks->map(fn ($a) => $this->serializeArtwork($a))->values()->all();
+            }
+        );
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Artworks matching the user's top tags (max 12).
+     * Powered by Meilisearch.
+     */
+    public function getByTags(array $tagSlugs): array
+    {
+        if (empty($tagSlugs)) {
+            return [];
+        }
+
+        try {
+            $results = $this->search->discoverByTags($tagSlugs, 12);
+
+            return $results->getCollection()
+                ->map(fn ($a) => $this->serializeArtwork($a))
+                ->values()
+                ->all();
+        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
+            Log::warning('HomepageService::getByTags failed', ['error' => $e->getMessage()]);
+            return [];
+        }
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Fresh artworks in the user's favourite categories (max 12).
+     * Powered by Meilisearch.
+     */
+    public function getByCategories(array $categorySlugs): array
+    {
+        if (empty($categorySlugs)) {
+            return [];
+        }
+
+        try {
+            $results = $this->search->discoverByCategories($categorySlugs, 12);
+
+            return $results->getCollection()
+                ->map(fn ($a) => $this->serializeArtwork($a))
+                ->values()
+                ->all();
+        } catch (\Throwable $e) {
+            Log::warning('HomepageService::getByCategories failed', ['error' => $e->getMessage()]);
+            return [];
+        }
+    }
+
     // ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
     // Helpers
     // ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
diff --git a/app/Services/TrendingService.php b/app/Services/TrendingService.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..2b6266ec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/Services/TrendingService.php
@@ -0,0 +1,132 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace App\Services;
+
+use App\Models\Artwork;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\DB;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Log;
+
+/**
+ * TrendingService
+ *
+ * Calculates and persists deterministic trending scores for artworks.
+ *
+ * Formula (Phase 1):
+ *   score = (award_score * 5)
+ *         + (favorites_count * 3)
+ *         + (reactions_count * 2)
+ *         + (downloads_count * 1)
+ *         + (views * 2)
+ *         - (hours_since_published * 0.1)
+ *
+ * The score is stored in artworks.trending_score_24h (artworks ≤ 7 days old)
+ * and artworks.trending_score_7d (artworks ≤ 30 days old).
+ *
+ * Both columns are updated every run; use `--period` to limit computation.
+ */
+final class TrendingService
+{
+    /** Weight constants — tune via config('discovery.trending.*') if needed */
+    private const W_AWARD     = 5.0;
+    private const W_FAVORITE  = 3.0;
+    private const W_REACTION  = 2.0;
+    private const W_DOWNLOAD  = 1.0;
+    private const W_VIEW      = 2.0;
+    private const DECAY_RATE  = 0.1; // score loss per hour since publish
+
+    /**
+     * Recalculate trending scores for artworks published within the look-back window.
+     *
+     * @param string $period    '24h' targets trending_score_24h (7-day window)
+     *                          '7d'  targets trending_score_7d  (30-day window)
+     * @param int    $chunkSize Number of IDs per DB UPDATE batch
+     * @return int   Number of artworks updated
+     */
+    public function recalculate(string $period = '7d', int $chunkSize = 1000): int
+    {
+        [$column, $windowDays] = match ($period) {
+            '24h'  => ['trending_score_24h', 7],
+            default => ['trending_score_7d', 30],
+        };
+
+        // Use the windowed counters: views_24h/views_7d and downloads_24h/downloads_7d
+        // instead of all-time totals so trending reflects recent activity.
+        [$viewCol, $dlCol] = match ($period) {
+            '24h'  => ['views_24h', 'downloads_24h'],
+            default => ['views_7d',  'downloads_7d'],
+        };
+
+        $cutoff  = now()->subDays($windowDays)->toDateTimeString();
+        $updated = 0;
+
+        Artwork::query()
+            ->select('id')
+            ->where('is_public', true)
+            ->where('is_approved', true)
+            ->whereNull('deleted_at')
+            ->whereNotNull('published_at')
+            ->where('published_at', '>=', $cutoff)
+            ->orderBy('id')
+            ->chunkById($chunkSize, function ($artworks) use ($column, &$updated): void {
+                $ids        = $artworks->pluck('id')->toArray();
+                $inClause   = implode(',', array_fill(0, count($ids), '?'));
+
+                // One bulk UPDATE per chunk – uses pre-computed windowed counters
+                // for views and downloads (accurate rolling windows, reset nightly/weekly)
+                // rather than all-time totals. All other signals use correlated subqueries.
+                // Column name ($column) is controlled internally, not user-supplied.
+                DB::update(
+                    "UPDATE artworks
+                     SET
+                         {$column} = GREATEST(
+                             COALESCE((SELECT score_total  FROM artwork_award_stats  WHERE artwork_award_stats.artwork_id  = artworks.id), 0) * ?
+                           + COALESCE((SELECT favorites    FROM artwork_stats        WHERE artwork_stats.artwork_id        = artworks.id), 0) * ?
+                           + COALESCE((SELECT COUNT(*)     FROM artwork_reactions    WHERE artwork_reactions.artwork_id    = artworks.id), 0) * ?
+                           + COALESCE((SELECT {$dlCol}     FROM artwork_stats        WHERE artwork_stats.artwork_id        = artworks.id), 0) * ?
+                           + COALESCE((SELECT {$viewCol}   FROM artwork_stats        WHERE artwork_stats.artwork_id        = artworks.id), 0) * ?
+                           - (TIMESTAMPDIFF(HOUR, artworks.published_at, NOW()) * ?)
+                         , 0),
+                         last_trending_calculated_at = NOW()
+                     WHERE id IN ({$inClause})",
+                    array_merge(
+                        [self::W_AWARD, self::W_FAVORITE, self::W_REACTION, self::W_DOWNLOAD, self::W_VIEW, self::DECAY_RATE],
+                        $ids
+                    )
+                );
+
+                $updated += count($ids);
+            });
+
+        Log::info('TrendingService: recalculation complete', [
+            'period'  => $period,
+            'column'  => $column,
+            'updated' => $updated,
+        ]);
+
+        return $updated;
+    }
+
+    /**
+     * Dispatch Meilisearch re-index jobs for artworks in the trending window.
+     * Called after recalculate() to keep the search index current.
+     */
+    public function syncToSearchIndex(string $period = '7d', int $chunkSize = 500): void
+    {
+        $windowDays = $period === '24h' ? 7 : 30;
+        $cutoff     = now()->subDays($windowDays)->toDateTimeString();
+
+        Artwork::query()
+            ->select('id')
+            ->where('is_public', true)
+            ->where('is_approved', true)
+            ->whereNull('deleted_at')
+            ->where('published_at', '>=', $cutoff)
+            ->chunkById($chunkSize, function ($artworks): void {
+                foreach ($artworks as $artwork) {
+                    \App\Jobs\IndexArtworkJob::dispatch($artwork->id);
+                }
+            });
+    }
+}
diff --git a/app/Services/UserPreferenceService.php b/app/Services/UserPreferenceService.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..fbbe9631
--- /dev/null
+++ b/app/Services/UserPreferenceService.php
@@ -0,0 +1,93 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+namespace App\Services;
+
+use App\Models\User;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Cache;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\DB;
+
+/**
+ * UserPreferenceService
+ *
+ * Builds a lightweight preference profile for a user based on:
+ *  - Tags on artworks they have favourited
+ *  - Categories of artwork they have favourited / downloaded
+ *  - Creators they follow
+ *
+ * Output shape:
+ * [
+ *   'top_tags'          => ['space', 'nature', ...],   // up to 5 slugs
+ *   'top_categories'    => ['wallpapers', ...],         // up to 3 slugs
+ *   'followed_creators' => [1, 5, 23, ...],             // user IDs
+ * ]
+ */
+final class UserPreferenceService
+{
+    private const CACHE_TTL = 300; // 5 minutes
+
+    public function build(User $user): array
+    {
+        return Cache::remember(
+            "user.prefs.{$user->id}",
+            self::CACHE_TTL,
+            fn () => $this->compute($user)
+        );
+    }
+
+    private function compute(User $user): array
+    {
+        return [
+            'top_tags'          => $this->topTags($user),
+            'top_categories'    => $this->topCategories($user),
+            'followed_creators' => $this->followedCreatorIds($user),
+        ];
+    }
+
+    /** Top tag slugs derived from the user's favourited artworks */
+    private function topTags(User $user, int $limit = 5): array
+    {
+        return DB::table('artwork_favourites as af')
+            ->join('artwork_tag as at', 'at.artwork_id', '=', 'af.artwork_id')
+            ->join('tags as t', 't.id', '=', 'at.tag_id')
+            ->where('af.user_id', $user->id)
+            ->where('t.is_active', true)
+            ->selectRaw('t.slug, COUNT(*) as cnt')
+            ->groupBy('t.id', 't.slug')
+            ->orderByDesc('cnt')
+            ->limit($limit)
+            ->pluck('slug')
+            ->values()
+            ->all();
+    }
+
+    /** Top category slugs derived from the user's favourited artworks */
+    private function topCategories(User $user, int $limit = 3): array
+    {
+        return DB::table('artwork_favourites as af')
+            ->join('artwork_category as ac', 'ac.artwork_id', '=', 'af.artwork_id')
+            ->join('categories as c', 'c.id', '=', 'ac.category_id')
+            ->where('af.user_id', $user->id)
+            ->whereNull('c.deleted_at')
+            ->selectRaw('c.slug, COUNT(*) as cnt')
+            ->groupBy('c.id', 'c.slug')
+            ->orderByDesc('cnt')
+            ->limit($limit)
+            ->pluck('slug')
+            ->values()
+            ->all();
+    }
+
+    /** IDs of creators the user follows, latest follows first */
+    private function followedCreatorIds(User $user, int $limit = 100): array
+    {
+        return DB::table('user_followers')
+            ->where('follower_id', $user->id)
+            ->orderByDesc('created_at')
+            ->limit($limit)
+            ->pluck('user_id')
+            ->values()
+            ->all();
+    }
+}
diff --git a/composer.json b/composer.json
index 73a471aa..6c4f1557 100644
--- a/composer.json
+++ b/composer.json
@@ -16,7 +16,8 @@
         "laravel/scout": "^10.24",
         "laravel/tinker": "^2.10.1",
         "league/commonmark": "^2.8",
-        "meilisearch/meilisearch-php": "^1.16"
+        "meilisearch/meilisearch-php": "^1.16",
+        "predis/predis": "^3.4"
     },
     "require-dev": {
         "fakerphp/faker": "^1.23",
diff --git a/composer.lock b/composer.lock
index 711ebf4c..51c32a4f 100644
--- a/composer.lock
+++ b/composer.lock
@@ -4,7 +4,7 @@
         "Read more about it at https://getcomposer.org/doc/01-basic-usage.md#installing-dependencies",
         "This file is @generated automatically"
     ],
-    "content-hash": "dcc955601c6f66f01bb520614508ed66",
+    "content-hash": "e49ab9bf98b9dc4002e839deb7b45cdf",
     "packages": [
         {
             "name": "brick/math",
@@ -3053,6 +3053,69 @@
             ],
             "time": "2025-12-27T19:41:33+00:00"
         },
+        {
+            "name": "predis/predis",
+            "version": "v3.4.1",
+            "source": {
+                "type": "git",
+                "url": "https://github.com/predis/predis.git",
+                "reference": "0850f2f36ee179f0ff96c92c750e1366c6cd754c"
+            },
+            "dist": {
+                "type": "zip",
+                "url": "https://api.github.com/repos/predis/predis/zipball/0850f2f36ee179f0ff96c92c750e1366c6cd754c",
+                "reference": "0850f2f36ee179f0ff96c92c750e1366c6cd754c",
+                "shasum": ""
+            },
+            "require": {
+                "php": "^7.2 || ^8.0",
+                "psr/http-message": "^1.0|^2.0"
+            },
+            "require-dev": {
+                "friendsofphp/php-cs-fixer": "^3.3",
+                "phpstan/phpstan": "^1.9",
+                "phpunit/phpcov": "^6.0 || ^8.0",
+                "phpunit/phpunit": "^8.0 || ~9.4.4"
+            },
+            "suggest": {
+                "ext-relay": "Faster connection with in-memory caching (>=0.6.2)"
+            },
+            "type": "library",
+            "autoload": {
+                "psr-4": {
+                    "Predis\\": "src/"
+                }
+            },
+            "notification-url": "https://packagist.org/downloads/",
+            "license": [
+                "MIT"
+            ],
+            "authors": [
+                {
+                    "name": "Till Krüss",
+                    "homepage": "https://till.im",
+                    "role": "Maintainer"
+                }
+            ],
+            "description": "A flexible and feature-complete Redis/Valkey client for PHP.",
+            "homepage": "http://github.com/predis/predis",
+            "keywords": [
+                "nosql",
+                "predis",
+                "redis"
+            ],
+            "support": {
+                "issues": "https://github.com/predis/predis/issues",
+                "source": "https://github.com/predis/predis/tree/v3.4.1"
+            },
+            "funding": [
+                {
+                    "url": "https://github.com/sponsors/tillkruss",
+                    "type": "github"
+                }
+            ],
+            "time": "2026-02-23T19:51:21+00:00"
+        },
         {
             "name": "psr/clock",
             "version": "1.0.0",
diff --git a/config/scout.php b/config/scout.php
index c8091e16..76a3be21 100644
--- a/config/scout.php
+++ b/config/scout.php
@@ -106,6 +106,11 @@ return [
                     'downloads',
                     'likes',
                     'views',
+                    'trending_score_24h',
+                    'trending_score_7d',
+                    'favorites_count',
+                    'awards_received_count',
+                    'downloads_count',
                 ],
                 'rankingRules' => [
                     'words',
diff --git a/database/migrations/2026_02_27_000001_add_trending_scores_to_artworks_table.php b/database/migrations/2026_02_27_000001_add_trending_scores_to_artworks_table.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..4a843928
--- /dev/null
+++ b/database/migrations/2026_02_27_000001_add_trending_scores_to_artworks_table.php
@@ -0,0 +1,26 @@
+<?php
+
+use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
+use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;
+
+return new class extends Migration
+{
+    public function up(): void
+    {
+        Schema::table('artworks', function (Blueprint $table): void {
+            $table->float('trending_score_24h', 10, 4)->default(0)->after('is_approved')->index();
+            $table->float('trending_score_7d', 10, 4)->default(0)->after('trending_score_24h')->index();
+            $table->timestamp('last_trending_calculated_at')->nullable()->after('trending_score_7d');
+        });
+    }
+
+    public function down(): void
+    {
+        Schema::table('artworks', function (Blueprint $table): void {
+            $table->dropIndex(['trending_score_24h']);
+            $table->dropIndex(['trending_score_7d']);
+            $table->dropColumn(['trending_score_24h', 'trending_score_7d', 'last_trending_calculated_at']);
+        });
+    }
+};
diff --git a/database/migrations/2026_02_27_000002_add_windowed_stats_to_artwork_stats.php b/database/migrations/2026_02_27_000002_add_windowed_stats_to_artwork_stats.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d4e77bc8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/database/migrations/2026_02_27_000002_add_windowed_stats_to_artwork_stats.php
@@ -0,0 +1,35 @@
+<?php
+
+use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
+use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;
+
+/**
+ * Adds sliding-window view and download counters to artwork_stats.
+ *
+ * These columns accumulate between scheduled resets:
+ *   views_24h     — incremented on every view event; zeroed nightly at 03:30
+ *   views_7d      — incremented on every view event; zeroed weekly on Monday 03:30
+ *   downloads_24h — recomputed nightly from artwork_downloads log (accurate)
+ *   downloads_7d  — recomputed weekly from artwork_downloads log (accurate)
+ *
+ * TrendingService uses these instead of the all-time views/downloads totals.
+ */
+return new class extends Migration {
+    public function up(): void
+    {
+        Schema::table('artwork_stats', function (Blueprint $table) {
+            $table->unsignedBigInteger('views_24h')->default(0)->after('views');
+            $table->unsignedBigInteger('views_7d')->default(0)->after('views_24h');
+            $table->unsignedBigInteger('downloads_24h')->default(0)->after('downloads');
+            $table->unsignedBigInteger('downloads_7d')->default(0)->after('downloads_24h');
+        });
+    }
+
+    public function down(): void
+    {
+        Schema::table('artwork_stats', function (Blueprint $table) {
+            $table->dropColumn(['views_24h', 'views_7d', 'downloads_24h', 'downloads_7d']);
+        });
+    }
+};
diff --git a/database/migrations/2026_02_27_000002_create_activity_events_table.php b/database/migrations/2026_02_27_000002_create_activity_events_table.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..e0b8cfa7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/database/migrations/2026_02_27_000002_create_activity_events_table.php
@@ -0,0 +1,39 @@
+<?php
+
+use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
+use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;
+
+return new class extends Migration
+{
+    /**
+     * Unified activity feed events table.
+     *
+     * Event types: upload | comment | favorite | award | follow
+     * target_type: artwork | user
+     */
+    public function up(): void
+    {
+        Schema::create('activity_events', function (Blueprint $table): void {
+            $table->id();
+            $table->unsignedBigInteger('actor_id')->index();
+            $table->string('type', 20)->index();       // upload|comment|favorite|award|follow
+            $table->string('target_type', 20)->index(); // artwork|user
+            $table->unsignedBigInteger('target_id')->index();
+            $table->json('meta')->nullable();           // extra context (category, tag, etc.)
+            $table->timestamp('created_at')->useCurrent()->index();
+
+            // Composite indexes for feed queries
+            $table->index(['type', 'created_at'], 'activity_events_type_created_idx');
+            $table->index(['actor_id', 'created_at'], 'activity_events_actor_created_idx');
+            $table->index(['target_type', 'target_id'], 'activity_events_target_idx');
+
+            $table->foreign('actor_id')->references('id')->on('users')->cascadeOnDelete();
+        });
+    }
+
+    public function down(): void
+    {
+        Schema::dropIfExists('activity_events');
+    }
+};
diff --git a/database/migrations/2026_02_27_000003_create_artwork_view_events_table.php b/database/migrations/2026_02_27_000003_create_artwork_view_events_table.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..8a35992c
--- /dev/null
+++ b/database/migrations/2026_02_27_000003_create_artwork_view_events_table.php
@@ -0,0 +1,51 @@
+<?php
+
+use Illuminate\Database\Migrations\Migration;
+use Illuminate\Database\Schema\Blueprint;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schema;
+
+/**
+ * Persistent view event log.
+ *
+ * Stores one row per view — authenticated users get a user_id, guests are
+ * recorded with user_id = null. Enables:
+ *   - "Recently viewed" per user
+ *   - Exact windowed counts (replayable)
+ *   - Unique-viewer counts per artwork
+ *
+ * Rows older than 90 days are pruned by the weekly
+ * skinbase:prune-view-events command.
+ */
+return new class extends Migration
+{
+    public function up(): void
+    {
+        Schema::create('artwork_view_events', function (Blueprint $table) {
+            $table->id();
+            $table->unsignedBigInteger('artwork_id');
+            $table->unsignedBigInteger('user_id')->nullable(); // null = guest
+
+            $table->timestamp('viewed_at')->useCurrent();
+
+            // Windowed aggregate queries: COUNT(*) WHERE artwork_id=? AND viewed_at>=?
+            $table->index(['artwork_id', 'viewed_at']);
+            // Per-user history: recent artworks viewed by a user
+            $table->index(['user_id', 'viewed_at']);
+            // Pruning: DELETE WHERE viewed_at < cutoff
+            $table->index('viewed_at');
+
+            $table->foreign('artwork_id')
+                ->references('id')->on('artworks')
+                ->cascadeOnDelete();
+
+            $table->foreign('user_id')
+                ->references('id')->on('users')
+                ->nullOnDelete();
+        });
+    }
+
+    public function down(): void
+    {
+        Schema::dropIfExists('artwork_view_events');
+    }
+};
diff --git a/docs/discovery-personalization-engine.md b/docs/discovery-personalization-engine.md
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..d55676df
--- /dev/null
+++ b/docs/discovery-personalization-engine.md
@@ -0,0 +1,591 @@
+# Discovery & Personalization Engine
+
+Covers the trending system, following feed, personalized homepage, similar artworks, unified activity feed, and all input signal collection that powers the ranking formula.
+
+---
+
+## Table of Contents
+
+1. [Architecture Overview](#1-architecture-overview)
+2. [Input Signal Collection](#2-input-signal-collection)
+3. [Windowed Stats (views & downloads)](#3-windowed-stats-views--downloads)
+4. [Trending Engine](#4-trending-engine)
+5. [Discover Routes](#5-discover-routes)
+6. [Following Feed](#6-following-feed)
+7. [Personalized Homepage](#7-personalized-homepage)
+8. [Similar Artworks API](#8-similar-artworks-api)
+9. [Unified Activity Feed](#9-unified-activity-feed)
+10. [Meilisearch Configuration](#10-meilisearch-configuration)
+11. [Caching Strategy](#11-caching-strategy)
+12. [Scheduled Jobs](#12-scheduled-jobs)
+13. [Testing](#13-testing)
+14. [Operational Runbook](#14-operational-runbook)
+
+---
+
+## 1. Architecture Overview
+
+```
+Browser
+  │
+  ├─ POST /api/art/{id}/view      → ArtworkViewController
+  ├─ POST /api/art/{id}/download  → ArtworkDownloadController
+  └─ POST /api/artworks/{id}/favorite / reactions / awards / comments
+          │
+          ▼
+    ArtworkStatsService           UserStatsService
+    artwork_stats (all-time +     user_statistics
+    windowed counters)            └─ artwork_views_received_count
+    artwork_downloads (log)           downloads_received_count
+          │
+          ▼
+    skinbase:reset-windowed-stats   (nightly/weekly)
+    └─ zeros views_24h / views_7d
+    └─ recomputes downloads_24h / downloads_7d from log
+          │
+          ▼
+    skinbase:recalculate-trending   (every 30 min)
+    └─ bulk UPDATE artworks.trending_score_24h / _7d
+    └─ dispatches IndexArtworkJob → Meilisearch
+          │
+          ▼
+    Meilisearch index (artworks)
+    └─ sortable: trending_score_7d, trending_score_24h, views, ...
+    └─ filterable: author_id, tags, category, orientation, is_public, ...
+          │
+          ▼
+    HomepageService / DiscoverController / SimilarArtworksController
+    └─ Redis cache (5 min TTL)
+          │
+          ▼
+    Inertia + React frontend
+```
+
+---
+
+## 2. Input Signal Collection
+
+### 2.1 View tracking — `POST /api/art/{id}/view`
+
+**Controller:** `App\Http\Controllers\Api\ArtworkViewController`  
+**Route name:** `api.art.view`  
+**Throttle:** 5 requests per 10 minutes per IP  
+
+**Deduplication (layered):**
+
+| Layer | Mechanism | Scope |
+|---|---|---|
+| Client-side | `sessionStorage` key `sb_viewed_{id}` set before the request | Browser tab lifetime |
+| Server-side | `$request->session()->put('art_viewed.{id}', true)` | Laravel session lifetime |
+| Throttle | `throttle:5,10` route middleware | Per-IP per-artwork |
+
+The React component `ArtworkActions.jsx` fires a `useEffect` on mount that checks `sessionStorage` first, then hits the endpoint. The response includes `counted: true|false` so callers can confirm whether the increment actually happened.
+
+**What gets incremented:**
+
+```
+artwork_stats.views          +1  (all-time)
+artwork_stats.views_24h      +1  (zeroed nightly)
+artwork_stats.views_7d       +1  (zeroed weekly)
+user_statistics.artwork_views_received_count  +1  (creator aggregate)
+```
+
+Via `ArtworkStatsService::incrementViews()` with `defer: true` (Redis when available, direct DB fallback).
+
+---
+
+### 2.2 Download tracking — `POST /api/art/{id}/download`
+
+**Controller:** `App\Http\Controllers\Api\ArtworkDownloadController`  
+**Route name:** `api.art.download`  
+**Throttle:** 10 requests per minute per IP  
+
+The endpoint:
+1. Inserts a row in `artwork_downloads` (persistent event log with `created_at`)
+2. Increments `artwork_stats.downloads`, `downloads_24h`, `downloads_7d`
+3. Returns `{"ok": true, "url": "<highest-res thumbnail URL>"}` for the native browser download
+
+The `<a download>` buttons in `ArtworkActions.jsx` call `trackDownload()` on click — a fire-and-forget `fetch()` POST. The actual browser download is triggered by the `href`/`download` attributes and is never blocked by the tracking request.
+
+**What gets incremented:**
+
+```
+artwork_downloads             INSERT (event log, persisted forever)
+artwork_stats.downloads       +1  (all-time)
+artwork_stats.downloads_24h   +1  (recomputed from log nightly)
+artwork_stats.downloads_7d    +1  (recomputed from log weekly)
+user_statistics.downloads_received_count  +1  (creator aggregate)
+```
+
+Via `ArtworkStatsService::incrementDownloads()` with `defer: true`.
+
+---
+
+### 2.3 Other signals (already existed)
+
+| Signal | Endpoint / Service | Written to |
+|---|---|---|
+| Favorite toggle | `POST /api/artworks/{id}/favorite` | `user_favorites`, `artwork_stats.favorites` |
+| Reaction toggle | `POST /api/artworks/{id}/reactions` | `artwork_reactions` |
+| Award | `ArtworkAwardController` | `artwork_award_stats.score_total` |
+| Comment | `ArtworkCommentController` | `artwork_comments`, `activity_events` |
+| Follow | `FollowService` | `user_followers`, `activity_events` |
+
+---
+
+### 2.4 ArtworkStatsService — Redis deferral
+
+When Redis is available all increments are pushed to a list key `artwork_stats:deltas` as JSON payloads. A separate job/command (`processPendingFromRedis`) drains the queue and applies bulk `applyDelta()` calls. If Redis is unavailable the service falls back transparently to a direct DB increment.
+
+```php
+// Deferred (default for view/download controllers)
+$svc->incrementViews($artworkId, 1, defer: true);
+
+// Immediate (e.g. favorites toggle needs instant feedback)
+$svc->incrementDownloads($artworkId, 1, defer: false);
+```
+
+---
+
+## 3. Windowed Stats (views & downloads)
+
+### 3.1 Why windowed columns?
+
+The trending formula needs _recent_ activity, not all-time totals. `artwork_stats.views` is a monotonically increasing counter — using it for trending would permanently favour old popular artworks and new artworks could never compete.
+
+The solution is four cached window columns refreshed on a schedule:
+
+| Column | Meaning | Reset cadence |
+|---|---|---|
+| `views_24h` | Views since last midnight reset | Nightly at 03:30 |
+| `views_7d` | Views since last Monday reset | Weekly (Mon) at 03:30 |
+| `downloads_24h` | Downloads in last 24 h | Nightly at 03:30 (recomputed from log) |
+| `downloads_7d` | Downloads in last 7 days | Weekly (Mon) at 03:30 (recomputed from log) |
+
+### 3.2 How views windowing works
+
+**No per-view event log exists** (storing millions of view rows would be expensive). Instead:
+
+- Every view event increments `views_24h` and `views_7d` alongside `views`.
+- The reset command **zeroes** both columns. Artworks re-accumulate from the reset time onward.
+- Accuracy is "views since last reset", which is close enough for trending (error ≤ 1 day).
+
+### 3.3 How downloads windowing works
+
+**`artwork_downloads` is a full event log** with `created_at`. The reset command:
+
+1. Queries `COUNT(*) FROM artwork_downloads WHERE artwork_id = ? AND created_at >= NOW() - {interval}` for each artwork in chunks of 1000.
+2. Writes the exact count back to `downloads_24h` / `downloads_7d`.
+
+This overwrites any drift from deferred Redis increments, making download windows always accurate at reset time.
+
+### 3.4 Reset command
+
+```bash
+php artisan skinbase:reset-windowed-stats --period=24h
+php artisan skinbase:reset-windowed-stats --period=7d
+```
+
+Uses chunked PHP loop (no `GREATEST()` / `INTERVAL` MySQL syntax) → works in both production MySQL and SQLite test DB.
+
+---
+
+## 4. Trending Engine
+
+### 4.1 Formula
+
+```
+score = (award_score   × 5.0)
+      + (favorites     × 3.0)
+      + (reactions     × 2.0)
+      + (downloads_Xd  × 1.0)   ← windowed: 24h or 7d
+      + (views_Xd      × 2.0)   ← windowed: 24h or 7d
+      - (hours_since_published × 0.1)
+
+score = max(score, 0)   ← clamped via GREATEST()
+```
+
+Weights are constants in `TrendingService` (`W_AWARD`, `W_FAVORITE`, etc.) — adjust without a schema change.
+
+### 4.2 Output columns
+
+| Artworks column | Meaning |
+|---|---|
+| `trending_score_24h` | Score using `views_24h` + `downloads_24h`; targets artworks ≤ 7 days old |
+| `trending_score_7d` | Score using `views_7d` + `downloads_7d`; targets artworks ≤ 30 days old |
+| `last_trending_calculated_at` | Timestamp of last calculation |
+
+### 4.3 Recalculation command
+
+```bash
+php artisan skinbase:recalculate-trending --period=24h
+php artisan skinbase:recalculate-trending --period=7d
+php artisan skinbase:recalculate-trending --period=all
+php artisan skinbase:recalculate-trending --period=7d --skip-index  # skip Meilisearch jobs
+php artisan skinbase:recalculate-trending --chunk=500               # smaller DB chunks
+```
+
+**Implementation:** `App\Services\TrendingService::recalculate()`
+
+1. Chunks artworks published within the look-back window (`chunkById(1000, ...)`).
+2. Issues one bulk MySQL `UPDATE ... WHERE id IN (...)` per chunk — no per-artwork queries in the hot path.
+3. After each chunk, dispatches `IndexArtworkJob` per artwork to push updated scores to Meilisearch (skippable with `--skip-index`).
+
+> **Note:** The raw SQL uses `GREATEST()` and `TIMESTAMPDIFF(HOUR, ...)` which are MySQL 8 only. The command is tested in production against MySQL; the 4 related Pest tests are skipped on SQLite with a clear skip message.
+
+### 4.4 Meilisearch sync after calculation
+
+`TrendingService::syncToSearchIndex()` dispatches `IndexArtworkJob` for every artwork in the trending window. The job calls `Artwork::searchable()` which triggers `toSearchableArray()`, which includes `trending_score_24h` and `trending_score_7d`.
+
+---
+
+## 5. Discover Routes
+
+All routes under `/discover/*` are registered in `routes/web.php` and handled by `App\Http\Controllers\Web\DiscoverController`. All use **Meilisearch sorting** — no SQL `ORDER BY` in the hot path.
+
+| Route | Name | Sort key | Auth |
+|---|---|---|---|
+| `/discover/trending` | `discover.trending` | `trending_score_7d:desc` | No |
+| `/discover/fresh` | `discover.fresh` | `created_at:desc` | No |
+| `/discover/top-rated` | `discover.top-rated` | `likes:desc` | No |
+| `/discover/most-downloaded` | `discover.most-downloaded` | `downloads:desc` | No |
+| `/discover/following` | `discover.following` | `created_at:desc` (DB) | Yes |
+
+---
+
+## 6. Following Feed
+
+**Route:** `GET /discover/following` (auth required)  
+**Controller:** `DiscoverController::following()`
+
+### Logic
+
+```
+1. Get user's following IDs from user_followers
+2. If empty    → show empty state (see below)
+3. If present  → Artwork::whereIn('user_id', $followingIds)
+                          ->orderByDesc('published_at')
+                          ->paginate(24)
+                 + cached 1 min per user per page
+```
+
+### Empty state
+
+When the user follows nobody:
+
+- `fallback_trending` — up to 12 trending artworks (Meilisearch, with DB fallback)
+- `fallback_creators` — 8 most-followed verified users (ordered by `user_statistics.followers_count`)
+- `empty: true` flag passed to the view
+- The `discoverTrending()` call is wrapped in `try/catch` so a Meilisearch outage never breaks the empty state page
+
+---
+
+## 7. Personalized Homepage
+
+**Controller:** `HomeController::index()`  
+**Service:** `App\Services\HomepageService`
+
+### Guest sections
+
+```php
+[
+  'hero'     => first featured artwork,
+  'trending' => 12 artworks sorted by trending_score_7d,
+  'fresh'    => 12 newest artworks,
+  'tags'     => 12 most-used tags,
+  'creators' => creator spotlight,
+  'news'     => latest news posts,
+]
+```
+
+### Authenticated sections (personalized)
+
+```php
+[
+  'hero'           => same as guest,
+  'from_following' => artworks from followed creators (up to 12, cached 1 min),
+  'trending'       => same as guest,
+  'by_tags'        => artworks matching user's top 5 tags,
+  'by_categories'  => fresh uploads in user's top 3 favourite categories,
+  'tags'           => same as guest,
+  'creators'       => same as guest,
+  'news'           => same as guest,
+  'preferences'    => { top_tags, top_categories },
+]
+```
+
+### UserPreferenceService
+
+`App\Services\UserPreferenceService::build(User $user)` — cached 5 min per user.
+
+Computes preferences from the user's **favourited artworks**:
+
+| Output key | Source |
+|---|---|
+| `top_tags` (up to 5) | Tags on artworks in `artwork_favourites` |
+| `top_categories` (up to 3) | Categories on artworks in `artwork_favourites` |
+| `followed_creators` | IDs from `user_followers` |
+
+### getTrending() — Meilisearch-first
+
+```php
+Artwork::search('')
+    ->options([
+        'filter' => 'is_public = true AND is_approved = true',
+        'sort'   => ['trending_score_7d:desc', 'trending_score_24h:desc', 'views:desc'],
+    ])
+    ->paginate($limit, 'page', 1);
+```
+
+Falls back to `getTrendingFromDb()` — `orderByDesc('trending_score_7d')` with no correlated subqueries — when Meilisearch is unavailable.
+
+---
+
+## 8. Similar Artworks API
+
+**Route:** `GET /api/art/{id}/similar`  
+**Controller:** `App\Http\Controllers\Api\SimilarArtworksController`  
+**Route name:** `api.art.similar`  
+**Throttle:** 60/min  
+**Cache:** 5 min per artwork ID  
+**Max results:** 12  
+
+### Similarity algorithm
+
+Meilisearch filters are built in priority order:
+
+```
+is_public = true
+is_approved = true
+id != {source_id}
+author_id != {source_author_id}          ← same creator excluded
+orientation = "{landscape|portrait}"     ← only for non-square (visual coherence)
+(tags = "X" OR tags = "Y" OR ...)        ← tag overlap (primary signal)
+  OR (if no tags)
+(category = "X" OR ...)                  ← category fallback
+```
+
+Meilisearch's own ranking then sorts by relevance within those filters. Results are mapped to a slim JSON shape: `{id, title, slug, thumb, url, author_id}`.
+
+---
+
+## 9. Unified Activity Feed
+
+**Route:** `GET /community/activity?type=global|following`  
+**Controller:** `App\Http\Controllers\Web\CommunityActivityController`
+
+### `activity_events` schema
+
+| Column | Type | Notes |
+|---|---|---|
+| `id` | bigint PK | |
+| `actor_id` | bigint FK users | Who did the action |
+| `type` | varchar | `upload` `comment` `favorite` `award` `follow` |
+| `target_type` | varchar | `artwork` `user` |
+| `target_id` | bigint | ID of the target object |
+| `meta` | json nullable | Extra data (e.g. award tier) |
+| `created_at` | timestamp | No `updated_at` — immutable events |
+
+### Where events are recorded
+
+| Event type | Recording point |
+|---|---|
+| `upload` | `UploadController::finish()` on publish |
+| `follow` | `FollowService::follow()` |
+| `award` | `ArtworkAwardController::store()` |
+| `favorite` | `ArtworkInteractionController::favorite()` |
+| `comment` | `ArtworkCommentController::store()` |
+
+All via `ActivityEvent::record($actorId, $type, $targetType, $targetId, $meta)`.
+
+### Feed filters
+
+- **Global** — all recent events, newest first, paginated 30/page
+- **Following** — `WHERE actor_id IN (following_ids)` — only events from users you follow
+
+The controller enriches each event batch with its target objects in a single query per target type (no N+1).
+
+---
+
+## 10. Meilisearch Configuration
+
+Configured in `config/scout.php` under `meilisearch.index-settings`.
+
+Push settings to a running instance:
+```bash
+php artisan scout:sync-index-settings
+```
+
+### Artworks index settings
+
+**Searchable attributes** (ranked in order):
+1. `title`
+2. `tags`
+3. `author_name`
+4. `description`
+
+**Filterable attributes:**
+`tags`, `category`, `content_type`, `orientation`, `resolution`, `author_id`, `is_public`, `is_approved`
+
+**Sortable attributes:**
+`created_at`, `downloads`, `likes`, `views`, `trending_score_24h`, `trending_score_7d`, `favorites_count`, `awards_received_count`, `downloads_count`
+
+### toSearchableArray() — fields indexed per artwork
+
+```php
+[
+  'id', 'slug', 'title', 'description',
+  'author_id', 'author_name',
+  'category', 'content_type', 'tags',
+  'resolution', 'orientation',
+  'downloads', 'likes', 'views',
+  'created_at', 'is_public', 'is_approved',
+  'trending_score_24h', 'trending_score_7d',
+  'favorites_count', 'awards_received_count', 'downloads_count',
+  'awards' => { gold, silver, bronze, score },
+]
+```
+
+---
+
+## 11. Caching Strategy
+
+| Data | Cache key | TTL | Driver |
+|---|---|---|---|
+| Homepage trending | `homepage.trending.{limit}` | 5 min | Redis/file |
+| Homepage fresh | `homepage.fresh.{limit}` | 5 min | Redis/file |
+| Homepage hero | `homepage.hero` | 5 min | Redis/file |
+| Homepage tags | `homepage.tags.{limit}` | 5 min | Redis/file |
+| User preferences | `user.prefs.{user_id}` | 5 min | Redis/file |
+| Following feed | `discover.following.{user_id}.p{page}` | 1 min | Redis/file |
+| Similar artworks | `api.similar.{artwork_id}` | 5 min | Redis/file |
+
+**Rules:**
+- Personalized data (`from_following`, `by_tags`, `by_categories`) is **not** independently cached — it falls inside `allForUser()` which is called fresh per request.
+- Long-running cache busting: the trending command and reset command do not explicitly clear cache — the TTL is short enough that stale data self-expires within one trending cycle.
+
+---
+
+## 12. Scheduled Jobs
+
+All registered in `routes/console.php` via `Schedule::command()`.
+
+| Time | Command | Purpose |
+|---|---|---|
+| Every 30 min | `skinbase:recalculate-trending --period=24h` | Update `trending_score_24h` |
+| Every 30 min | `skinbase:recalculate-trending --period=7d --skip-index` | Update `trending_score_7d` (background) |
+| 03:00 daily | `uploads:cleanup` | Remove stale draft uploads |
+| 03:10 daily | `analytics:aggregate-similar-artworks` | Offline similarity metrics |
+| 03:20 daily | `analytics:aggregate-feed` | Feed evaluation metrics |
+| 03:30 daily | `skinbase:reset-windowed-stats --period=24h` | Zero views_24h, recompute downloads_24h |
+| Monday 03:30 | `skinbase:reset-windowed-stats --period=7d` | Zero views_7d, recompute downloads_7d |
+
+**Reset runs at 03:30** so it fires after the other maintenance tasks (03:00–03:20). The next trending recalculation (every 30 min, including ~03:30 or ~04:00) picks up the freshly-zeroed windowed stats and writes accurate trending scores.
+
+---
+
+## 13. Testing
+
+All tests live under `tests/Feature/Discovery/`.
+
+| Test file | Coverage |
+|---|---|
+| `ActivityEventRecordingTest.php` | `ActivityEvent::record()`, all 5 types, actor relation, meta, route smoke tests for the activity feed |
+| `FollowingFeedTest.php` | Auth redirect, empty state fallback, pagination, creator exclusion |
+| `HomepagePersonalizationTest.php` | Guest vs auth homepage sections, preferences shape, 200 responses |
+| `SimilarArtworksApiTest.php` | 404 cases, response shape, result count ≤ 12, creator exclusion |
+| `SignalTrackingTest.php` | View endpoint (404s, first count, session dedup), download endpoint (404s, DB row, guest vs auth), route names |
+| `TrendingServiceTest.php` | Zero artworks, skip outside window, skip private/unapproved — _recalculate() tests skipped on SQLite (MySQL-only SQL)_ |
+| `WindowedStatsTest.php` | `incrementViews/Downloads` update all 3 columns, reset command zeros views, recomputes downloads from log, window boundary correctness |
+
+Run all discovery tests:
+```bash
+php artisan test tests/Feature/Discovery/
+```
+
+Run specific suite:
+```bash
+php artisan test tests/Feature/Discovery/SignalTrackingTest.php
+```
+
+**SQLite vs MySQL note:** Four tests in `TrendingServiceTest` are marked `.skip()` with the message _"Requires MySQL: uses GREATEST() and TIMESTAMPDIFF()"_. Run them against a real MySQL instance in CI or staging to validate the bulk UPDATE formula.
+
+---
+
+## 14. Operational Runbook
+
+### Trending scores are stuck / not updating
+
+```bash
+# Check last calculated timestamp
+SELECT id, title, last_trending_calculated_at FROM artworks ORDER BY last_trending_calculated_at DESC LIMIT 5;
+
+# Manually trigger recalculation
+php artisan skinbase:recalculate-trending --period=all
+
+# Re-push scores to Meilisearch
+php artisan skinbase:recalculate-trending --period=7d
+```
+
+### Windowed counters look wrong after a deploy
+
+```bash
+# Force a reset and recompute
+php artisan skinbase:reset-windowed-stats --period=24h
+php artisan skinbase:reset-windowed-stats --period=7d
+
+# Then recalculate trending with fresh numbers
+php artisan skinbase:recalculate-trending --period=all
+```
+
+### Meilisearch out of sync with DB
+
+```bash
+# Re-push all artworks in the trending window
+php artisan skinbase:recalculate-trending --period=all
+
+# Or full re-index
+php artisan scout:import "App\Models\Artwork"
+```
+
+### Push updated index settings (after changing config/scout.php)
+
+```bash
+php artisan scout:sync-index-settings
+```
+
+### Check what the trending formula is reading
+
+```sql
+SELECT
+  a.id,
+  a.title,
+  a.published_at,
+  s.views,
+  s.views_24h,
+  s.views_7d,
+  s.downloads,
+  s.downloads_24h,
+  s.downloads_7d,
+  s.favorites,
+  a.trending_score_24h,
+  a.trending_score_7d,
+  a.last_trending_calculated_at
+FROM artworks a
+LEFT JOIN artwork_stats s ON s.artwork_id = a.id
+WHERE a.is_public = 1 AND a.is_approved = 1
+ORDER BY a.trending_score_7d DESC
+LIMIT 20;
+```
+
+### Inspect the artwork_downloads log
+
+```sql
+-- Downloads in the last 24 hours per artwork
+SELECT artwork_id, COUNT(*) as dl_24h
+FROM artwork_downloads
+WHERE created_at >= NOW() - INTERVAL 1 DAY
+GROUP BY artwork_id
+ORDER BY dl_24h DESC
+LIMIT 20;
+```
diff --git a/playwright-report/data/3805b34cfd601b3a221f7f1a9b99827131dffbb1.png b/playwright-report/data/3805b34cfd601b3a221f7f1a9b99827131dffbb1.png
deleted file mode 100644
index b36a2ff5..00000000
Binary files a/playwright-report/data/3805b34cfd601b3a221f7f1a9b99827131dffbb1.png and /dev/null differ
diff --git a/playwright-report/data/44eed0617fdda327586a382401abe7fe1b3e62b2.md b/playwright-report/data/44eed0617fdda327586a382401abe7fe1b3e62b2.md
deleted file mode 100644
index b6dacef2..00000000
--- a/playwright-report/data/44eed0617fdda327586a382401abe7fe1b3e62b2.md
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,173 +0,0 @@
-# Page snapshot
-
-```yaml
-- generic [active] [ref=e1]:
-  - banner [ref=e2]:
-    - generic [ref=e3]:
-      - link "Skinbase.org Skinbase.org" [ref=e4] [cursor=pointer]:
-        - /url: /
-        - img "Skinbase.org" [ref=e5]
-        - generic [ref=e6]: Skinbase.org
-      - navigation "Main navigation" [ref=e7]:
-        - button "Discover" [ref=e9] [cursor=pointer]:
-          - text: Discover
-          - img [ref=e10]
-        - button "Browse" [ref=e13] [cursor=pointer]:
-          - text: Browse
-          - img [ref=e14]
-        - button "Creators" [ref=e17] [cursor=pointer]:
-          - text: Creators
-          - img [ref=e18]
-        - button "Community" [ref=e21] [cursor=pointer]:
-          - text: Community
-          - img [ref=e22]
-      - generic [ref=e26]:
-        - button "Open search" [ref=e27] [cursor=pointer]:
-          - img [ref=e28]
-          - generic [ref=e30]: Search\u2026
-          - generic [ref=e31]: CtrlK
-        - search:
-          - generic:
-            - img
-            - searchbox "Search"
-            - generic:
-              - generic: Esc
-              - button "Close search":
-                - img
-      - link "Upload" [ref=e32] [cursor=pointer]:
-        - /url: http://skinbase26.test/upload
-        - img [ref=e33]
-        - text: Upload
-      - generic [ref=e35]:
-        - link "Favourites" [ref=e36] [cursor=pointer]:
-          - /url: http://skinbase26.test/dashboard/favorites
-          - img [ref=e37]
-        - link "Messages" [ref=e39] [cursor=pointer]:
-          - /url: http://skinbase26.test/messages
-          - img [ref=e40]
-        - link "Notifications" [ref=e42] [cursor=pointer]:
-          - /url: http://skinbase26.test/dashboard/comments
-          - img [ref=e43]
-      - button "E2E Owner E2E Owner" [ref=e47] [cursor=pointer]:
-        - img "E2E Owner" [ref=e48]
-        - generic [ref=e49]: E2E Owner
-        - img [ref=e50]
-  - text:                     
-  - main [ref=e52]:
-    - generic [ref=e55]:
-      - complementary [ref=e56]:
-        - generic [ref=e57]:
-          - heading "Messages" [level=1] [ref=e58]
-          - button "New message" [ref=e59] [cursor=pointer]:
-            - img [ref=e60]
-        - searchbox "Search all messages…" [ref=e63]
-        - generic [ref=e64]:
-          - searchbox "Search conversations…" [ref=e66]
-          - list [ref=e67]:
-            - listitem [ref=e68]:
-              - button "E e2ep708148630 now Seed latest from owner" [ref=e69] [cursor=pointer]:
-                - generic [ref=e70]: E
-                - generic [ref=e71]:
-                  - generic [ref=e72]:
-                    - generic [ref=e74]: e2ep708148630
-                    - generic [ref=e75]: now
-                  - generic [ref=e77]: Seed latest from owner
-      - main [ref=e78]:
-        - generic [ref=e79]:
-          - generic [ref=e80]:
-            - paragraph [ref=e82]: e2ep708148630
-            - button "Pin" [ref=e83] [cursor=pointer]
-          - searchbox "Search in this conversation…" [ref=e85]
-          - generic [ref=e86]:
-            - generic [ref=e87]:
-              - separator [ref=e88]
-              - generic [ref=e89]: Today
-              - separator [ref=e90]
-            - generic [ref=e92]:
-              - generic [ref=e94]: E
-              - generic [ref=e95]:
-                - generic [ref=e96]:
-                  - generic [ref=e97]: e2ep708148630
-                  - generic [ref=e98]: 09:11 PM
-                - paragraph [ref=e102]: Seed hello
-            - generic [ref=e104]:
-              - generic [ref=e106]: E
-              - generic [ref=e107]:
-                - generic [ref=e108]:
-                  - generic [ref=e109]: e2eo708148630
-                  - generic [ref=e110]: 09:11 PM
-                - paragraph [ref=e114]: Seed latest from owner
-                - generic [ref=e115]: Seen 4s ago
-          - generic [ref=e116]:
-            - button "📎" [ref=e117] [cursor=pointer]
-            - textbox "Write a message… (Enter to send, Shift+Enter for new line)" [ref=e118]
-            - button "Send" [disabled] [ref=e119]
-  - contentinfo [ref=e120]:
-    - generic [ref=e121]:
-      - generic [ref=e122]:
-        - img "Skinbase" [ref=e123]
-        - generic [ref=e124]: Skinbase
-      - generic [ref=e125]:
-        - link "Bug Report" [ref=e126] [cursor=pointer]:
-          - /url: /bug-report
-        - link "RSS Feeds" [ref=e127] [cursor=pointer]:
-          - /url: /rss-feeds
-        - link "FAQ" [ref=e128] [cursor=pointer]:
-          - /url: /faq
-        - link "Rules and Guidelines" [ref=e129] [cursor=pointer]:
-          - /url: /rules-and-guidelines
-        - link "Staff" [ref=e130] [cursor=pointer]:
-          - /url: /staff
-        - link "Privacy Policy" [ref=e131] [cursor=pointer]:
-          - /url: /privacy-policy
-      - generic [ref=e132]: © 2026 Skinbase.org
-  - generic [ref=e133]:
-    - generic [ref=e135]:
-      - generic [ref=e137]:
-        - generic [ref=e138] [cursor=pointer]:
-          - generic: Request
-        - generic [ref=e139] [cursor=pointer]:
-          - generic: Timeline
-        - generic [ref=e140] [cursor=pointer]:
-          - generic: Queries
-          - generic [ref=e141]: "14"
-        - generic [ref=e142] [cursor=pointer]:
-          - generic: Models
-          - generic [ref=e143]: "5"
-        - generic [ref=e144] [cursor=pointer]:
-          - generic: Cache
-          - generic [ref=e145]: "2"
-      - generic [ref=e146]:
-        - generic [ref=e153] [cursor=pointer]:
-          - generic [ref=e154]: "4"
-          - generic [ref=e155]: GET /api/messages/4
-        - generic [ref=e156] [cursor=pointer]:
-          - generic: 706ms
-        - generic [ref=e158] [cursor=pointer]:
-          - generic: 28MB
-        - generic [ref=e160] [cursor=pointer]:
-          - generic: 12.x
-    - generic [ref=e162]:
-      - generic [ref=e164]:
-        - generic:
-          - list
-      - generic [ref=e166]:
-        - list [ref=e167]
-        - textbox "Search" [ref=e170]
-      - generic [ref=e171]:
-        - list
-      - generic [ref=e173]:
-        - list
-      - list [ref=e178]
-      - generic [ref=e180]:
-        - generic:
-          - list
-      - generic [ref=e182]:
-        - list [ref=e183]
-        - textbox "Search" [ref=e186]
-      - generic [ref=e187]:
-        - list
-      - generic [ref=e189]:
-        - generic:
-          - list
-```
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/playwright-report/index.html b/playwright-report/index.html
index 55c66700..4d105f67 100644
--- a/playwright-report/index.html
+++ b/playwright-report/index.html
@@ -82,4 +82,4 @@ Error generating stack: `+a.message+`
     <div id='root'></div>
   </body>
 </html>
-<script id="playwrightReportBase64" type="application/zip">data:application/zip;base64,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diff --git a/resources/js/Pages/Messages/Index.jsx b/resources/js/Pages/Messages/Index.jsx
index 1da64528..ea7c9834 100644
--- a/resources/js/Pages/Messages/Index.jsx
+++ b/resources/js/Pages/Messages/Index.jsx
@@ -39,6 +39,7 @@ function MessagesPage({ userId, username, activeConversationId: initialId }) {
   const [conversations, setConversations] = useState([])
   const [loadingConvs, setLoadingConvs] = useState(true)
   const [activeId, setActiveId] = useState(initialId ?? null)
+  const [realtimeEnabled, setRealtimeEnabled] = useState(false)
   const [showNewModal, setShowNewModal] = useState(false)
   const [searchQuery, setSearchQuery] = useState('')
   const [searchResults, setSearchResults] = useState([])
@@ -60,11 +61,32 @@ function MessagesPage({ userId, username, activeConversationId: initialId }) {
   useEffect(() => {
     loadConversations()
 
-    // Phase 1 polling: refresh conversation list every 15 seconds
-    pollRef.current = setInterval(loadConversations, 15_000)
-    return () => clearInterval(pollRef.current)
+    apiFetch('/api/messages/settings')
+      .then(data => setRealtimeEnabled(!!data?.realtime_enabled))
+      .catch(() => setRealtimeEnabled(false))
+
+    return () => {
+      if (pollRef.current) clearInterval(pollRef.current)
+    }
   }, [loadConversations])
 
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (pollRef.current) {
+      clearInterval(pollRef.current)
+      pollRef.current = null
+    }
+
+    if (realtimeEnabled) {
+      return
+    }
+
+    pollRef.current = setInterval(loadConversations, 15_000)
+
+    return () => {
+      if (pollRef.current) clearInterval(pollRef.current)
+    }
+  }, [loadConversations, realtimeEnabled])
+
   const handleSelectConversation = useCallback((id) => {
     setActiveId(id)
     history.replaceState(null, '', `/messages/${id}`)
@@ -190,6 +212,7 @@ function MessagesPage({ userId, username, activeConversationId: initialId }) {
               key={activeId}
               conversationId={activeId}
               conversation={activeConversation}
+              realtimeEnabled={realtimeEnabled}
               currentUserId={userId}
               currentUsername={username}
               apiFetch={apiFetch}
diff --git a/resources/js/Search/SearchBar.jsx b/resources/js/Search/SearchBar.jsx
index a7f70f17..374f3f3f 100644
--- a/resources/js/Search/SearchBar.jsx
+++ b/resources/js/Search/SearchBar.jsx
@@ -181,7 +181,7 @@ export default function SearchBar({ placeholder = 'Search artworks, artists, tag
         <svg className="w-4 h-4 shrink-0" fill="none" viewBox="0 0 24 24" stroke="currentColor" strokeWidth="2" aria-hidden="true">
           <path strokeLinecap="round" strokeLinejoin="round" d="M21 21l-4.35-4.35M17 11A6 6 0 1 1 5 11a6 6 0 0 1 12 0z"/>
         </svg>
-        <span className="text-sm flex-1 text-left truncate">Search\u2026</span>
+        <span className="text-sm flex-1 text-left truncate">Search</span>
         <kbd className="shrink-0 inline-flex items-center gap-0.5 text-[10px] font-medium px-1.5 py-0.5 rounded-md bg-white/[0.06] border border-white/[0.10] text-white/30">
           {isMac ? '\u2318' : 'Ctrl'}K
         </kbd>
diff --git a/resources/js/components/artwork/ArtworkActions.jsx b/resources/js/components/artwork/ArtworkActions.jsx
index 769116a9..c30327a6 100644
--- a/resources/js/components/artwork/ArtworkActions.jsx
+++ b/resources/js/components/artwork/ArtworkActions.jsx
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import React, { useState } from 'react'
+import React, { useState, useEffect } from 'react'
 
 export default function ArtworkActions({ artwork, canonicalUrl, mobilePriority = false }) {
   const [liked, setLiked] = useState(Boolean(artwork?.viewer?.is_liked))
@@ -10,6 +10,29 @@ export default function ArtworkActions({ artwork, canonicalUrl, mobilePriority =
     ? document.querySelector('meta[name="csrf-token"]')?.getAttribute('content')
     : null
 
+  // Track the view once per browser session (sessionStorage prevents re-firing).
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (!artwork?.id) return
+    const key = `sb_viewed_${artwork.id}`
+    if (typeof sessionStorage !== 'undefined' && sessionStorage.getItem(key)) return
+    if (typeof sessionStorage !== 'undefined') sessionStorage.setItem(key, '1')
+    fetch(`/api/art/${artwork.id}/view`, {
+      method: 'POST',
+      headers: { 'X-CSRF-TOKEN': csrfToken || '', 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
+      credentials: 'same-origin',
+    }).catch(() => {})
+  }, [artwork?.id]) // eslint-disable-line react-hooks/exhaustive-deps
+
+  // Fire-and-forget download tracking — does not interrupt the native download.
+  const trackDownload = () => {
+    if (!artwork?.id) return
+    fetch(`/api/art/${artwork.id}/download`, {
+      method: 'POST',
+      headers: { 'X-CSRF-TOKEN': csrfToken || '', 'Content-Type': 'application/json' },
+      credentials: 'same-origin',
+    }).catch(() => {})
+  }
+
   const postInteraction = async (url, body) => {
     const response = await fetch(url, {
       method: 'POST',
@@ -82,6 +105,7 @@ export default function ArtworkActions({ artwork, canonicalUrl, mobilePriority =
         <a
           href={downloadUrl}
           className="inline-flex min-h-11 w-full items-center justify-center rounded-lg bg-accent px-4 py-3 text-sm font-semibold text-deep hover:brightness-110"
+          onClick={trackDownload}
           download
         >
           Download
@@ -125,6 +149,7 @@ export default function ArtworkActions({ artwork, canonicalUrl, mobilePriority =
           <a
             href={downloadUrl}
             download
+            onClick={trackDownload}
             className="pointer-events-auto inline-flex min-h-12 w-full items-center justify-center rounded-lg bg-accent px-4 py-3 text-sm font-semibold text-deep hover:brightness-110"
           >
             Download
diff --git a/resources/js/components/messaging/ConversationThread.jsx b/resources/js/components/messaging/ConversationThread.jsx
index fb432b55..5e84e160 100644
--- a/resources/js/components/messaging/ConversationThread.jsx
+++ b/resources/js/components/messaging/ConversationThread.jsx
@@ -1,4 +1,4 @@
-import React, { useState, useEffect, useRef, useCallback } from 'react'
+import React, { useState, useEffect, useRef, useCallback, useMemo } from 'react'
 import MessageBubble from './MessageBubble'
 
 /**
@@ -7,6 +7,7 @@ import MessageBubble from './MessageBubble'
 export default function ConversationThread({
   conversationId,
   conversation,
+  realtimeEnabled = false,
   currentUserId,
   currentUsername,
   apiFetch,
@@ -22,9 +23,11 @@ export default function ConversationThread({
   const [loadingMore, setLoadingMore] = useState(false)
   const [error, setError]           = useState(null)
   const [attachments, setAttachments] = useState([])
+  const [uploadProgress, setUploadProgress] = useState(null)
   const [typingUsers, setTypingUsers] = useState([])
   const [threadSearch, setThreadSearch] = useState('')
   const [threadSearchResults, setThreadSearchResults] = useState([])
+  const [lightboxImage, setLightboxImage] = useState(null)
   const fileInputRef                = useRef(null)
   const bottomRef                   = useRef(null)
   const threadRef                   = useRef(null)
@@ -34,6 +37,22 @@ export default function ConversationThread({
   const latestIdRef                 = useRef(null)
   const shouldAutoScrollRef         = useRef(true)
   const draftKey                    = `nova_draft_${conversationId}`
+  const previewAttachments = useMemo(() => {
+    return attachments.map(file => ({
+      file,
+      previewUrl: isImageLike(file) ? URL.createObjectURL(file) : null,
+    }))
+  }, [attachments])
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    return () => {
+      for (const item of previewAttachments) {
+        if (item.previewUrl) {
+          URL.revokeObjectURL(item.previewUrl)
+        }
+      }
+    }
+  }, [previewAttachments])
 
   // ── Initial load ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
   const loadMessages = useCallback(async () => {
@@ -58,37 +77,42 @@ export default function ConversationThread({
     setBody(storedDraft ?? '')
     loadMessages()
 
-    // Phase 1 polling: check new messages every 10 seconds
-    pollRef.current = setInterval(async () => {
-      try {
-        const data = await apiFetch(`/api/messages/${conversationId}`)
-        const latestChunk = [...(data.data ?? [])].map(m => tagReactions(m, currentUserId))
-        if (latestChunk.length && latestChunk[latestChunk.length - 1].id !== latestIdRef.current) {
-          shouldAutoScrollRef.current = true
-          setMessages(prev => mergeMessageLists(prev, latestChunk))
-          latestIdRef.current = latestChunk[latestChunk.length - 1].id
-          onConversationUpdated()
-        }
-      } catch (_) {}
-    }, 10_000)
-
-    return () => clearInterval(pollRef.current)
-  }, [conversationId, draftKey])
-
-  useEffect(() => {
-    typingPollRef.current = setInterval(async () => {
-      try {
-        const data = await apiFetch(`/api/messages/${conversationId}/typing`)
-        setTypingUsers(data.typing ?? [])
-      } catch (_) {}
-    }, 2_000)
+    if (!realtimeEnabled) {
+      pollRef.current = setInterval(async () => {
+        try {
+          const data = await apiFetch(`/api/messages/${conversationId}`)
+          const latestChunk = [...(data.data ?? [])].map(m => tagReactions(m, currentUserId))
+          if (latestChunk.length && latestChunk[latestChunk.length - 1].id !== latestIdRef.current) {
+            shouldAutoScrollRef.current = true
+            setMessages(prev => mergeMessageLists(prev, latestChunk))
+            latestIdRef.current = latestChunk[latestChunk.length - 1].id
+            onConversationUpdated()
+          }
+        } catch (_) {}
+      }, 10_000)
+    }
 
     return () => {
-      clearInterval(typingPollRef.current)
+      if (pollRef.current) clearInterval(pollRef.current)
+    }
+  }, [conversationId, draftKey, realtimeEnabled, currentUserId, apiFetch, loadMessages, onConversationUpdated])
+
+  useEffect(() => {
+    if (!realtimeEnabled) {
+      typingPollRef.current = setInterval(async () => {
+        try {
+          const data = await apiFetch(`/api/messages/${conversationId}/typing`)
+          setTypingUsers(data.typing ?? [])
+        } catch (_) {}
+      }, 2_000)
+    }
+
+    return () => {
+      if (typingPollRef.current) clearInterval(typingPollRef.current)
       clearTimeout(typingStopTimerRef.current)
       apiFetch(`/api/messages/${conversationId}/typing/stop`, { method: 'POST' }).catch(() => {})
     }
-  }, [conversationId, apiFetch])
+  }, [conversationId, apiFetch, realtimeEnabled])
 
   useEffect(() => {
     const content = body.trim()
@@ -190,10 +214,10 @@ export default function ConversationThread({
       const formData = new FormData()
       formData.append('body', text)
       attachments.forEach(file => formData.append('attachments[]', file))
+      setUploadProgress(0)
 
-      const msg = await apiFetch(`/api/messages/${conversationId}`, {
-        method: 'POST',
-        body: formData,
+      const msg = await sendMessageWithProgress(`/api/messages/${conversationId}`, formData, (progress) => {
+        setUploadProgress(progress)
       })
       setMessages(prev => prev.map(m => m.id === optimistic.id ? msg : m))
       latestIdRef.current = msg.id
@@ -203,6 +227,7 @@ export default function ConversationThread({
       setMessages(prev => prev.filter(m => m.id !== optimistic.id))
       setError(e.message)
     } finally {
+      setUploadProgress(null)
       setSending(false)
     }
   }, [body, attachments, sending, conversationId, currentUserId, currentUsername, apiFetch, onConversationUpdated, draftKey])
@@ -292,6 +317,24 @@ export default function ConversationThread({
     }
   }, [conversation, currentUserId, apiFetch, conversationId, onConversationUpdated])
 
+  const toggleMute = useCallback(async () => {
+    try {
+      await apiFetch(`/api/messages/${conversationId}/mute`, { method: 'POST' })
+      onConversationUpdated()
+    } catch (e) {
+      setError(e.message)
+    }
+  }, [apiFetch, conversationId, onConversationUpdated])
+
+  const toggleArchive = useCallback(async () => {
+    try {
+      await apiFetch(`/api/messages/${conversationId}/archive`, { method: 'POST' })
+      onConversationUpdated()
+    } catch (e) {
+      setError(e.message)
+    }
+  }, [apiFetch, conversationId, onConversationUpdated])
+
   useEffect(() => {
     let cancelled = false
     const q = threadSearch.trim()
@@ -330,6 +373,7 @@ export default function ConversationThread({
   const threadLabel = conversation?.type === 'group'
     ? (conversation?.title ?? 'Group conversation')
     : (conversation?.all_participants?.find(p => p.user_id !== currentUserId)?.user?.username ?? 'Direct message')
+  const myParticipant = conversation?.my_participant ?? conversation?.all_participants?.find(p => p.user_id === currentUserId)
   const otherParticipant = conversation?.all_participants?.find(p => p.user_id !== currentUserId)
   const otherLastReadAt = otherParticipant?.last_read_at ?? null
   const lastMessageId = messages[messages.length - 1]?.id ?? null
@@ -365,7 +409,21 @@ export default function ConversationThread({
           onClick={togglePin}
           className="ml-auto text-xs px-2 py-1 rounded border border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:bg-gray-50 dark:hover:bg-gray-800"
         >
-          {conversation?.my_participant?.is_pinned ? 'Unpin' : 'Pin'}
+          {myParticipant?.is_pinned ? 'Unpin' : 'Pin'}
+        </button>
+        <button
+          type="button"
+          onClick={toggleMute}
+          className="text-xs px-2 py-1 rounded border border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:bg-gray-50 dark:hover:bg-gray-800"
+        >
+          {myParticipant?.is_muted ? 'Unmute' : 'Mute'}
+        </button>
+        <button
+          type="button"
+          onClick={toggleArchive}
+          className="text-xs px-2 py-1 rounded border border-gray-200 dark:border-gray-700 hover:bg-gray-50 dark:hover:bg-gray-800"
+        >
+          {myParticipant?.is_archived ? 'Unarchive' : 'Archive'}
         </button>
       </div>
 
@@ -429,6 +487,7 @@ export default function ConversationThread({
                   onUnreact={handleUnreact}
                   onEdit={handleEdit}
                   onReport={handleReportMessage}
+                  onOpenImage={setLightboxImage}
                   seenText={buildSeenText({
                     message: msg,
                     isMine: msg.sender_id === currentUserId,
@@ -490,14 +549,41 @@ export default function ConversationThread({
 
       {attachments.length > 0 && (
         <div className="px-4 pb-3 flex flex-wrap gap-2">
-          {attachments.map((file, idx) => (
+          {previewAttachments.map(({ file, previewUrl }, idx) => (
             <div key={`${file.name}-${idx}`} className="inline-flex items-center gap-2 rounded-lg bg-gray-100 dark:bg-gray-800 px-2 py-1 text-xs text-gray-700 dark:text-gray-300">
+              {previewUrl && (
+                <img
+                  src={previewUrl}
+                  alt={file.name}
+                  className="h-10 w-10 object-cover rounded"
+                />
+              )}
               <span className="truncate max-w-[220px]">{file.name}</span>
               <button type="button" onClick={() => removeAttachment(idx)} className="text-red-500">✕</button>
             </div>
           ))}
         </div>
       )}
+
+      {sending && uploadProgress !== null && (
+        <div className="px-4 pb-3">
+          <div className="h-2 rounded bg-gray-200 dark:bg-gray-700 overflow-hidden">
+            <div className="h-full bg-blue-500" style={{ width: `${uploadProgress}%` }} />
+          </div>
+          <p className="mt-1 text-[11px] text-gray-500">Uploading {uploadProgress}%</p>
+        </div>
+      )}
+
+      {lightboxImage && (
+        <div className="fixed inset-0 z-50 bg-black/80 flex items-center justify-center p-6" onClick={() => setLightboxImage(null)}>
+          <img
+            src={lightboxImage.url}
+            alt={lightboxImage.original_name || 'Attachment'}
+            className="max-h-full max-w-full rounded-lg"
+            onClick={(e) => e.stopPropagation()}
+          />
+        </div>
+      )}
     </div>
   )
 }
@@ -585,3 +671,42 @@ function isSameDay(a, b) {
     a.getMonth() === b.getMonth() &&
     a.getDate() === b.getDate()
 }
+
+function isImageLike(file) {
+  return file?.type?.startsWith('image/')
+}
+
+function getCsrf() {
+  return document.querySelector('meta[name="csrf-token"]')?.content ?? ''
+}
+
+function sendMessageWithProgress(url, formData, onProgress) {
+  return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
+    const xhr = new XMLHttpRequest()
+    xhr.open('POST', url)
+    xhr.setRequestHeader('X-CSRF-TOKEN', getCsrf())
+    xhr.setRequestHeader('Accept', 'application/json')
+
+    xhr.upload.onprogress = (event) => {
+      if (!event.lengthComputable) return
+      const progress = Math.max(0, Math.min(100, Math.round((event.loaded / event.total) * 100)))
+      onProgress(progress)
+    }
+
+    xhr.onload = () => {
+      try {
+        const json = JSON.parse(xhr.responseText || '{}')
+        if (xhr.status >= 200 && xhr.status < 300) {
+          resolve(json)
+          return
+        }
+        reject(new Error(json.message || `HTTP ${xhr.status}`))
+      } catch (_) {
+        reject(new Error(`HTTP ${xhr.status}`))
+      }
+    }
+
+    xhr.onerror = () => reject(new Error('Network error'))
+    xhr.send(formData)
+  })
+}
diff --git a/resources/js/components/messaging/MessageBubble.jsx b/resources/js/components/messaging/MessageBubble.jsx
index 49a8985a..3388a927 100644
--- a/resources/js/components/messaging/MessageBubble.jsx
+++ b/resources/js/components/messaging/MessageBubble.jsx
@@ -10,7 +10,7 @@ const QUICK_REACTIONS = ['👍', '❤️', '🔥', '😂', '👏', '😮']
  * - Inline edit for own messages
  * - Soft-delete display
  */
-export default function MessageBubble({ message, isMine, showAvatar, onReact, onUnreact, onEdit, onReport = null, seenText = null }) {
+export default function MessageBubble({ message, isMine, showAvatar, onReact, onUnreact, onEdit, onReport = null, onOpenImage = null, seenText = null }) {
   const [showPicker, setShowPicker] = useState(false)
   const [editing, setEditing]       = useState(false)
   const [editBody, setEditBody]     = useState(message.body ?? '')
@@ -119,14 +119,18 @@ export default function MessageBubble({ message, isMine, showAvatar, onReact, on
                       {message.attachments.map(att => (
                         <div key={att.id}>
                           {att.type === 'image' ? (
-                            <a href={`/messages/attachments/${att.id}`} target="_blank" rel="noopener noreferrer">
+                            <button
+                              type="button"
+                              onClick={() => onOpenImage?.({ id: att.id, original_name: att.original_name, url: `/messages/attachments/${att.id}` })}
+                              className="block"
+                            >
                               <img
                                 src={`/messages/attachments/${att.id}`}
                                 alt={att.original_name}
                                 className="max-h-44 rounded-lg border border-white/20"
                                 loading="lazy"
                               />
-                            </a>
+                            </button>
                           ) : (
                             <a
                               href={`/messages/attachments/${att.id}`}
diff --git a/resources/views/community/activity.blade.php b/resources/views/community/activity.blade.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..be1d0730
--- /dev/null
+++ b/resources/views/community/activity.blade.php
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+@extends('layouts.nova')
+
+@section('title', $page_title . ' — Skinbase')
+
+@section('content')
+<div class="container-fluid legacy-page">
+    <div class="page-heading">
+        <h1 class="page-header"><i class="fa fa-stream"></i> {{ $page_title }}</h1>
+    </div>
+
+    {{-- Tab bar --}}
+    <ul class="nav nav-tabs mb-3">
+        <li class="nav-item">
+            <a class="nav-link {{ $active_tab === 'global' ? 'active' : '' }}"
+               href="{{ route('community.activity', ['type' => 'global']) }}">
+                <i class="fa fa-globe"></i> Global
+            </a>
+        </li>
+        @auth
+        <li class="nav-item">
+            <a class="nav-link {{ $active_tab === 'following' ? 'active' : '' }}"
+               href="{{ route('community.activity', ['type' => 'following']) }}">
+                <i class="fa fa-user-group"></i> Following
+            </a>
+        </li>
+        @endauth
+    </ul>
+
+    <div class="activity-feed">
+        @forelse($enriched as $event)
+            <div class="activity-event media mb-3 p-2 rounded bg-dark-subtle">
+                <div class="media-body">
+                    <span class="fw-semibold">
+                        <a href="{{ $event['actor']['url'] ?? '#' }}">{{ $event['actor']['name'] ?? 'Someone' }}</a>
+                    </span>
+
+                    @switch($event['type'])
+                        @case('upload')
+                            uploaded
+                            @break
+                        @case('comment')
+                            commented on
+                            @break
+                        @case('favorite')
+                            favourited
+                            @break
+                        @case('award')
+                            awarded
+                            @break
+                        @case('follow')
+                            started following
+                            @break
+                        @default
+                            interacted with
+                    @endswitch
+
+                    @if($event['target'])
+                        @if($event['target_type'] === 'artwork')
+                            <a href="{{ $event['target']['url'] }}">{{ $event['target']['title'] }}</a>
+                            @if(!empty($event['target']['thumb']))
+                                <img src="{{ $event['target']['thumb'] }}" alt="" class="ms-2 rounded" style="height:36px;width:auto;vertical-align:middle;">
+                            @endif
+                        @elseif($event['target_type'] === 'user')
+                            <a href="{{ $event['target']['url'] ?? '#' }}">{{ $event['target']['name'] ?? $event['target']['username'] ?? '' }}</a>
+                        @endif
+                    @endif
+
+                    <small class="text-muted ms-2">{{ \Carbon\Carbon::parse($event['created_at'])->diffForHumans() }}</small>
+                </div>
+            </div>
+        @empty
+            <div class="alert alert-info">
+                @if($active_tab === 'following')
+                    Follow some creators to see their activity here.
+                @else
+                    No activity yet. Be the first!
+                @endif
+            </div>
+        @endforelse
+    </div>
+
+    {{-- Pagination --}}
+    <div class="mt-3">
+        {{ $events->links() }}
+    </div>
+</div>
+@endsection
diff --git a/resources/views/web/community/activity.blade.php b/resources/views/web/community/activity.blade.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..be1d0730
--- /dev/null
+++ b/resources/views/web/community/activity.blade.php
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+@extends('layouts.nova')
+
+@section('title', $page_title . ' — Skinbase')
+
+@section('content')
+<div class="container-fluid legacy-page">
+    <div class="page-heading">
+        <h1 class="page-header"><i class="fa fa-stream"></i> {{ $page_title }}</h1>
+    </div>
+
+    {{-- Tab bar --}}
+    <ul class="nav nav-tabs mb-3">
+        <li class="nav-item">
+            <a class="nav-link {{ $active_tab === 'global' ? 'active' : '' }}"
+               href="{{ route('community.activity', ['type' => 'global']) }}">
+                <i class="fa fa-globe"></i> Global
+            </a>
+        </li>
+        @auth
+        <li class="nav-item">
+            <a class="nav-link {{ $active_tab === 'following' ? 'active' : '' }}"
+               href="{{ route('community.activity', ['type' => 'following']) }}">
+                <i class="fa fa-user-group"></i> Following
+            </a>
+        </li>
+        @endauth
+    </ul>
+
+    <div class="activity-feed">
+        @forelse($enriched as $event)
+            <div class="activity-event media mb-3 p-2 rounded bg-dark-subtle">
+                <div class="media-body">
+                    <span class="fw-semibold">
+                        <a href="{{ $event['actor']['url'] ?? '#' }}">{{ $event['actor']['name'] ?? 'Someone' }}</a>
+                    </span>
+
+                    @switch($event['type'])
+                        @case('upload')
+                            uploaded
+                            @break
+                        @case('comment')
+                            commented on
+                            @break
+                        @case('favorite')
+                            favourited
+                            @break
+                        @case('award')
+                            awarded
+                            @break
+                        @case('follow')
+                            started following
+                            @break
+                        @default
+                            interacted with
+                    @endswitch
+
+                    @if($event['target'])
+                        @if($event['target_type'] === 'artwork')
+                            <a href="{{ $event['target']['url'] }}">{{ $event['target']['title'] }}</a>
+                            @if(!empty($event['target']['thumb']))
+                                <img src="{{ $event['target']['thumb'] }}" alt="" class="ms-2 rounded" style="height:36px;width:auto;vertical-align:middle;">
+                            @endif
+                        @elseif($event['target_type'] === 'user')
+                            <a href="{{ $event['target']['url'] ?? '#' }}">{{ $event['target']['name'] ?? $event['target']['username'] ?? '' }}</a>
+                        @endif
+                    @endif
+
+                    <small class="text-muted ms-2">{{ \Carbon\Carbon::parse($event['created_at'])->diffForHumans() }}</small>
+                </div>
+            </div>
+        @empty
+            <div class="alert alert-info">
+                @if($active_tab === 'following')
+                    Follow some creators to see their activity here.
+                @else
+                    No activity yet. Be the first!
+                @endif
+            </div>
+        @endforelse
+    </div>
+
+    {{-- Pagination --}}
+    <div class="mt-3">
+        {{ $events->links() }}
+    </div>
+</div>
+@endsection
diff --git a/routes/api.php b/routes/api.php
index 2b88d83a..0f913537 100644
--- a/routes/api.php
+++ b/routes/api.php
@@ -2,6 +2,25 @@
 
 use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Route;
 
+// ── Per-artwork signal tracking (public) ────────────────────────────────────
+// GET  /api/art/{id}/similar   → up to 12 similar artworks (Meilisearch)
+// POST /api/art/{id}/view      → record a view (session-deduped, 5 per 10 min)
+// POST /api/art/{id}/download  → record a download, returns file URL (10/min)
+Route::middleware(['web', 'throttle:60,1'])
+    ->get('art/{id}/similar', \App\Http\Controllers\Api\SimilarArtworksController::class)
+    ->whereNumber('id')
+    ->name('api.art.similar');
+
+Route::middleware(['web', 'throttle:5,10'])
+    ->post('art/{id}/view', \App\Http\Controllers\Api\ArtworkViewController::class)
+    ->whereNumber('id')
+    ->name('api.art.view');
+
+Route::middleware(['web', 'throttle:10,1'])
+    ->post('art/{id}/download', \App\Http\Controllers\Api\ArtworkDownloadController::class)
+    ->whereNumber('id')
+    ->name('api.art.download');
+
 /**
  * API v1 routes for Artworks module
  *
diff --git a/routes/console.php b/routes/console.php
index 5d3e087e..228d5b1f 100644
--- a/routes/console.php
+++ b/routes/console.php
@@ -2,6 +2,7 @@
 
 use Illuminate\Foundation\Inspiring;
 use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Artisan;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\Schedule;
 use App\Uploads\Services\CleanupService;
 
 Artisan::command('inspire', function () {
@@ -14,3 +15,51 @@ Artisan::command('uploads:cleanup {--limit=100 : Maximum drafts to clean in one
 
     $this->info("Uploads cleanup deleted {$deleted} draft(s).");
 })->purpose('Delete stale draft uploads and temporary files');
+
+// ── Scheduled tasks ────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+// Recalculate trending scores every 30 minutes (staggered: 24h first, then 7d)
+Schedule::command('skinbase:recalculate-trending --period=24h')
+    ->everyThirtyMinutes()
+    ->name('trending-24h')
+    ->withoutOverlapping();
+
+Schedule::command('skinbase:recalculate-trending --period=7d --skip-index')
+    ->everyThirtyMinutes()
+    ->name('trending-7d')
+    ->runInBackground()
+    ->withoutOverlapping();
+
+// Reset windowed view/download counters so trending uses recent-activity data.
+// Downloads are recomputed from the artwork_downloads log (accurate).
+// Views are zeroed (no per-view event log) and re-accumulate from midnight.
+Schedule::command('skinbase:reset-windowed-stats --period=24h')
+    ->dailyAt('03:30')
+    ->name('reset-windowed-stats-24h')
+    ->withoutOverlapping();
+
+Schedule::command('skinbase:reset-windowed-stats --period=7d')
+    ->weeklyOn(1, '03:30') // Monday 03:30
+    ->name('reset-windowed-stats-7d')
+    ->withoutOverlapping();
+
+// Daily maintenance
+Schedule::command('uploads:cleanup')->dailyAt('03:00');
+Schedule::command('analytics:aggregate-similar-artworks')->dailyAt('03:10');
+Schedule::command('analytics:aggregate-feed')->dailyAt('03:20');
+
+// Drain Redis artwork-stat delta queue so MySQL counters stay fresh.
+// Run every 5 minutes with overlap protection.
+Schedule::command('skinbase:flush-redis-stats')
+    ->everyFiveMinutes()
+    ->name('flush-redis-stats')
+    ->withoutOverlapping();
+
+// Prune artwork_view_events rows older than 90 days.
+// Runs Sunday at 04:00, after all other weekly maintenance.
+Schedule::command('skinbase:prune-view-events --days=90')
+    ->weekly()
+    ->sundays()
+    ->at('04:00')
+    ->name('prune-view-events')
+    ->withoutOverlapping();
diff --git a/routes/web.php b/routes/web.php
index 83bc359d..02473321 100644
--- a/routes/web.php
+++ b/routes/web.php
@@ -378,3 +378,7 @@ Route::middleware(['auth', 'ensure.onboarding.complete'])->prefix('messages')->n
     Route::get('/', [\App\Http\Controllers\Messaging\MessagesPageController::class, 'index'])->name('index');
     Route::get('/{id}', [\App\Http\Controllers\Messaging\MessagesPageController::class, 'show'])->whereNumber('id')->name('show');
 });
+
+// ── Community Activity Feed ───────────────────────────────────────────────────
+Route::get('/community/activity', [\App\Http\Controllers\Web\CommunityActivityController::class, 'index'])
+    ->name('community.activity');
diff --git a/scripts/check_redis.php b/scripts/check_redis.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..58beb7c7
--- /dev/null
+++ b/scripts/check_redis.php
@@ -0,0 +1,20 @@
+<?php
+require __DIR__ . '/../vendor/autoload.php';
+$app = require __DIR__ . '/../bootstrap/app.php';
+$app->make('Illuminate\Contracts\Console\Kernel')->bootstrap();
+
+try {
+    $redis  = Illuminate\Support\Facades\Redis::connection();
+    $result  = $redis->ping();
+    $payload = is_object($result) && method_exists($result, 'getPayload') ? $result->getPayload() : $result;
+    $ok      = ($payload === 'PONG' || $result === true || $result === 1);
+    echo 'Redis:  ' . ($ok ? 'OK (PONG)' : 'UNEXPECTED: ' . var_export($result, true)) . PHP_EOL;
+    echo 'Host:   ' . config('database.redis.default.host') . ':' . config('database.redis.default.port') . PHP_EOL;
+    echo 'Client: ' . config('database.redis.client') . PHP_EOL;
+
+    // Also check if the stats delta key has anything queued
+    $depth = $redis->llen('artwork_stats:deltas');
+    echo 'Delta queue depth (artwork_stats:deltas): ' . $depth . PHP_EOL;
+} catch (Exception $e) {
+    echo 'FAILED: ' . $e->getMessage() . PHP_EOL;
+}
diff --git a/test-results/.last-run.json b/test-results/.last-run.json
index 214b37cc..cbcc1fba 100644
--- a/test-results/.last-run.json
+++ b/test-results/.last-run.json
@@ -1,6 +1,4 @@
 {
-  "status": "failed",
-  "failedTests": [
-    "107d361b6fc8beba4b6c-bd5f3b54043cc6ed6ffb"
-  ]
+  "status": "passed",
+  "failedTests": []
 }
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/test-results/messaging-Messaging-UI-sho-f7c3e-t-message-from-current-user-chromium/error-context.md b/test-results/messaging-Messaging-UI-sho-f7c3e-t-message-from-current-user-chromium/error-context.md
deleted file mode 100644
index b6dacef2..00000000
--- a/test-results/messaging-Messaging-UI-sho-f7c3e-t-message-from-current-user-chromium/error-context.md
+++ /dev/null
@@ -1,173 +0,0 @@
-# Page snapshot
-
-```yaml
-- generic [active] [ref=e1]:
-  - banner [ref=e2]:
-    - generic [ref=e3]:
-      - link "Skinbase.org Skinbase.org" [ref=e4] [cursor=pointer]:
-        - /url: /
-        - img "Skinbase.org" [ref=e5]
-        - generic [ref=e6]: Skinbase.org
-      - navigation "Main navigation" [ref=e7]:
-        - button "Discover" [ref=e9] [cursor=pointer]:
-          - text: Discover
-          - img [ref=e10]
-        - button "Browse" [ref=e13] [cursor=pointer]:
-          - text: Browse
-          - img [ref=e14]
-        - button "Creators" [ref=e17] [cursor=pointer]:
-          - text: Creators
-          - img [ref=e18]
-        - button "Community" [ref=e21] [cursor=pointer]:
-          - text: Community
-          - img [ref=e22]
-      - generic [ref=e26]:
-        - button "Open search" [ref=e27] [cursor=pointer]:
-          - img [ref=e28]
-          - generic [ref=e30]: Search\u2026
-          - generic [ref=e31]: CtrlK
-        - search:
-          - generic:
-            - img
-            - searchbox "Search"
-            - generic:
-              - generic: Esc
-              - button "Close search":
-                - img
-      - link "Upload" [ref=e32] [cursor=pointer]:
-        - /url: http://skinbase26.test/upload
-        - img [ref=e33]
-        - text: Upload
-      - generic [ref=e35]:
-        - link "Favourites" [ref=e36] [cursor=pointer]:
-          - /url: http://skinbase26.test/dashboard/favorites
-          - img [ref=e37]
-        - link "Messages" [ref=e39] [cursor=pointer]:
-          - /url: http://skinbase26.test/messages
-          - img [ref=e40]
-        - link "Notifications" [ref=e42] [cursor=pointer]:
-          - /url: http://skinbase26.test/dashboard/comments
-          - img [ref=e43]
-      - button "E2E Owner E2E Owner" [ref=e47] [cursor=pointer]:
-        - img "E2E Owner" [ref=e48]
-        - generic [ref=e49]: E2E Owner
-        - img [ref=e50]
-  - text:                     
-  - main [ref=e52]:
-    - generic [ref=e55]:
-      - complementary [ref=e56]:
-        - generic [ref=e57]:
-          - heading "Messages" [level=1] [ref=e58]
-          - button "New message" [ref=e59] [cursor=pointer]:
-            - img [ref=e60]
-        - searchbox "Search all messages…" [ref=e63]
-        - generic [ref=e64]:
-          - searchbox "Search conversations…" [ref=e66]
-          - list [ref=e67]:
-            - listitem [ref=e68]:
-              - button "E e2ep708148630 now Seed latest from owner" [ref=e69] [cursor=pointer]:
-                - generic [ref=e70]: E
-                - generic [ref=e71]:
-                  - generic [ref=e72]:
-                    - generic [ref=e74]: e2ep708148630
-                    - generic [ref=e75]: now
-                  - generic [ref=e77]: Seed latest from owner
-      - main [ref=e78]:
-        - generic [ref=e79]:
-          - generic [ref=e80]:
-            - paragraph [ref=e82]: e2ep708148630
-            - button "Pin" [ref=e83] [cursor=pointer]
-          - searchbox "Search in this conversation…" [ref=e85]
-          - generic [ref=e86]:
-            - generic [ref=e87]:
-              - separator [ref=e88]
-              - generic [ref=e89]: Today
-              - separator [ref=e90]
-            - generic [ref=e92]:
-              - generic [ref=e94]: E
-              - generic [ref=e95]:
-                - generic [ref=e96]:
-                  - generic [ref=e97]: e2ep708148630
-                  - generic [ref=e98]: 09:11 PM
-                - paragraph [ref=e102]: Seed hello
-            - generic [ref=e104]:
-              - generic [ref=e106]: E
-              - generic [ref=e107]:
-                - generic [ref=e108]:
-                  - generic [ref=e109]: e2eo708148630
-                  - generic [ref=e110]: 09:11 PM
-                - paragraph [ref=e114]: Seed latest from owner
-                - generic [ref=e115]: Seen 4s ago
-          - generic [ref=e116]:
-            - button "📎" [ref=e117] [cursor=pointer]
-            - textbox "Write a message… (Enter to send, Shift+Enter for new line)" [ref=e118]
-            - button "Send" [disabled] [ref=e119]
-  - contentinfo [ref=e120]:
-    - generic [ref=e121]:
-      - generic [ref=e122]:
-        - img "Skinbase" [ref=e123]
-        - generic [ref=e124]: Skinbase
-      - generic [ref=e125]:
-        - link "Bug Report" [ref=e126] [cursor=pointer]:
-          - /url: /bug-report
-        - link "RSS Feeds" [ref=e127] [cursor=pointer]:
-          - /url: /rss-feeds
-        - link "FAQ" [ref=e128] [cursor=pointer]:
-          - /url: /faq
-        - link "Rules and Guidelines" [ref=e129] [cursor=pointer]:
-          - /url: /rules-and-guidelines
-        - link "Staff" [ref=e130] [cursor=pointer]:
-          - /url: /staff
-        - link "Privacy Policy" [ref=e131] [cursor=pointer]:
-          - /url: /privacy-policy
-      - generic [ref=e132]: © 2026 Skinbase.org
-  - generic [ref=e133]:
-    - generic [ref=e135]:
-      - generic [ref=e137]:
-        - generic [ref=e138] [cursor=pointer]:
-          - generic: Request
-        - generic [ref=e139] [cursor=pointer]:
-          - generic: Timeline
-        - generic [ref=e140] [cursor=pointer]:
-          - generic: Queries
-          - generic [ref=e141]: "14"
-        - generic [ref=e142] [cursor=pointer]:
-          - generic: Models
-          - generic [ref=e143]: "5"
-        - generic [ref=e144] [cursor=pointer]:
-          - generic: Cache
-          - generic [ref=e145]: "2"
-      - generic [ref=e146]:
-        - generic [ref=e153] [cursor=pointer]:
-          - generic [ref=e154]: "4"
-          - generic [ref=e155]: GET /api/messages/4
-        - generic [ref=e156] [cursor=pointer]:
-          - generic: 706ms
-        - generic [ref=e158] [cursor=pointer]:
-          - generic: 28MB
-        - generic [ref=e160] [cursor=pointer]:
-          - generic: 12.x
-    - generic [ref=e162]:
-      - generic [ref=e164]:
-        - generic:
-          - list
-      - generic [ref=e166]:
-        - list [ref=e167]
-        - textbox "Search" [ref=e170]
-      - generic [ref=e171]:
-        - list
-      - generic [ref=e173]:
-        - list
-      - list [ref=e178]
-      - generic [ref=e180]:
-        - generic:
-          - list
-      - generic [ref=e182]:
-        - list [ref=e183]
-        - textbox "Search" [ref=e186]
-      - generic [ref=e187]:
-        - list
-      - generic [ref=e189]:
-        - generic:
-          - list
-```
\ No newline at end of file
diff --git a/test-results/messaging-Messaging-UI-sho-f7c3e-t-message-from-current-user-chromium/test-failed-1.png b/test-results/messaging-Messaging-UI-sho-f7c3e-t-message-from-current-user-chromium/test-failed-1.png
deleted file mode 100644
index b36a2ff5..00000000
Binary files a/test-results/messaging-Messaging-UI-sho-f7c3e-t-message-from-current-user-chromium/test-failed-1.png and /dev/null differ
diff --git a/tests/Feature/Discovery/ActivityEventRecordingTest.php b/tests/Feature/Discovery/ActivityEventRecordingTest.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..7cfd46d8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/Feature/Discovery/ActivityEventRecordingTest.php
@@ -0,0 +1,136 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+use App\Models\ActivityEvent;
+use App\Models\Artwork;
+use App\Models\User;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\DB;
+
+// ── ActivityEvent::record() factory helper ────────────────────────────────────
+
+it('creates a db row via record()', function () {
+    $user    = User::factory()->create();
+    $artwork = Artwork::factory()->create();
+
+    ActivityEvent::record(
+        actorId:    $user->id,
+        type:       ActivityEvent::TYPE_FAVORITE,
+        targetType: ActivityEvent::TARGET_ARTWORK,
+        targetId:   $artwork->id,
+        meta:       ['source' => 'test'],
+    );
+
+    $this->assertDatabaseHas('activity_events', [
+        'actor_id'    => $user->id,
+        'type'        => 'favorite',
+        'target_type' => 'artwork',
+        'target_id'   => $artwork->id,
+    ]);
+});
+
+it('stores all five event types without error', function () {
+    $user    = User::factory()->create();
+    $artwork = Artwork::factory()->create();
+
+    $events = [
+        [ActivityEvent::TYPE_UPLOAD,   ActivityEvent::TARGET_ARTWORK, $artwork->id],
+        [ActivityEvent::TYPE_COMMENT,  ActivityEvent::TARGET_ARTWORK, $artwork->id],
+        [ActivityEvent::TYPE_FAVORITE, ActivityEvent::TARGET_ARTWORK, $artwork->id],
+        [ActivityEvent::TYPE_AWARD,    ActivityEvent::TARGET_ARTWORK, $artwork->id],
+        [ActivityEvent::TYPE_FOLLOW,   ActivityEvent::TARGET_USER,    $user->id],
+    ];
+
+    foreach ($events as [$type, $targetType, $targetId]) {
+        ActivityEvent::record($user->id, $type, $targetType, $targetId);
+    }
+
+    expect(ActivityEvent::where('actor_id', $user->id)->count())->toBe(5);
+});
+
+it('created_at is populated on the returned instance', function () {
+    $user    = User::factory()->create();
+    $artwork = Artwork::factory()->create();
+
+    $event = ActivityEvent::record(
+        $user->id,
+        ActivityEvent::TYPE_COMMENT,
+        ActivityEvent::TARGET_ARTWORK,
+        $artwork->id,
+    );
+
+    expect($event->created_at)->not->toBeNull();
+});
+
+it('actor relation resolves after record()', function () {
+    $user    = User::factory()->create();
+    $artwork = Artwork::factory()->create();
+
+    $event = ActivityEvent::record($user->id, ActivityEvent::TYPE_UPLOAD, ActivityEvent::TARGET_ARTWORK, $artwork->id);
+
+    expect($event->actor->id)->toBe($user->id);
+});
+
+it('meta is null when empty array is passed', function () {
+    $user    = User::factory()->create();
+    $artwork = Artwork::factory()->create();
+
+    $event = ActivityEvent::record($user->id, ActivityEvent::TYPE_UPLOAD, ActivityEvent::TARGET_ARTWORK, $artwork->id);
+
+    expect($event->meta)->toBeNull();
+});
+
+it('meta is stored when non-empty array is passed', function () {
+    $user    = User::factory()->create();
+    $artwork = Artwork::factory()->create();
+
+    $event = ActivityEvent::record(
+        $user->id,
+        ActivityEvent::TYPE_AWARD,
+        ActivityEvent::TARGET_ARTWORK,
+        $artwork->id,
+        ['medal' => 'gold'],
+    );
+
+    expect($event->meta)->toBe(['medal' => 'gold']);
+});
+
+// ── Community activity feed route ─────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+it('global activity feed returns 200 for guests', function () {
+    $this->get('/community/activity')->assertStatus(200);
+});
+
+it('following tab returns 200 for users with no follows', function () {
+    $user = User::factory()->create();
+
+    $this->actingAs($user)
+        ->get('/community/activity?type=following')
+        ->assertStatus(200);
+});
+
+it('following tab shows only events from followed users', function () {
+    $user    = User::factory()->create();
+    $creator = User::factory()->create();
+    $other   = User::factory()->create();
+    $artwork = Artwork::factory()->create();
+
+    // user_followers has no updated_at column
+    DB::table('user_followers')->insert([
+        'user_id'     => $creator->id,
+        'follower_id' => $user->id,
+        'created_at'  => now(),
+    ]);
+
+    // Event from followed creator
+    ActivityEvent::record($creator->id, ActivityEvent::TYPE_UPLOAD, ActivityEvent::TARGET_ARTWORK, $artwork->id);
+    // Event from non-followed user (should not appear)
+    ActivityEvent::record($other->id, ActivityEvent::TYPE_UPLOAD, ActivityEvent::TARGET_ARTWORK, $artwork->id);
+
+    $response = $this->actingAs($user)->get('/community/activity?type=following');
+    $response->assertStatus(200);
+
+    $events = $response->original->gatherData()['events'];
+    expect($events->total())->toBe(1);
+    expect($events->first()->actor_id)->toBe($creator->id);
+});
diff --git a/tests/Feature/Discovery/FollowingFeedTest.php b/tests/Feature/Discovery/FollowingFeedTest.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..10ee82f2
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/Feature/Discovery/FollowingFeedTest.php
@@ -0,0 +1,87 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+use App\Models\Artwork;
+use App\Models\User;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\DB;
+
+beforeEach(function () {
+    // Use null Scout driver so no Meilisearch calls are made
+    config(['scout.driver' => 'null']);
+});
+
+it('redirects unauthenticated users to login', function () {
+    $this->get(route('discover.following'))
+        ->assertRedirect(route('login'));
+});
+
+it('shows empty state with fallback data when user follows nobody', function () {
+    $user = User::factory()->create();
+
+    $response = $this->actingAs($user)->get(route('discover.following'));
+
+    $response->assertStatus(200);
+    $response->assertViewHas('empty', true);
+    $response->assertViewHas('fallback_trending');
+    $response->assertViewHas('fallback_creators');
+    $response->assertViewHas('section', 'following');
+});
+
+it('paginates artworks from followed creators', function () {
+    $user    = User::factory()->create();
+    $creator = User::factory()->create();
+
+    // user_followers has no updated_at column
+    DB::table('user_followers')->insert([
+        'user_id'     => $creator->id,
+        'follower_id' => $user->id,
+        'created_at'  => now(),
+    ]);
+
+    Artwork::factory()->count(3)->create([
+        'user_id'      => $creator->id,
+        'is_public'    => true,
+        'is_approved'  => true,
+        'published_at' => now()->subHour(),
+    ]);
+
+    $response = $this->actingAs($user)->get(route('discover.following'));
+
+    $response->assertStatus(200);
+    $response->assertViewHas('section', 'following');
+    $response->assertViewMissing('empty');
+});
+
+it('does not include artworks from non-followed creators in the feed', function () {
+    $user     = User::factory()->create();
+    $creator  = User::factory()->create();
+    $stranger = User::factory()->create();
+
+    DB::table('user_followers')->insert([
+        'user_id'     => $creator->id,
+        'follower_id' => $user->id,
+        'created_at'  => now(),
+    ]);
+
+    // Only the stranger has an artwork — creator has none
+    Artwork::factory()->create([
+        'user_id'      => $stranger->id,
+        'is_public'    => true,
+        'is_approved'  => true,
+        'published_at' => now()->subHour(),
+    ]);
+
+    $response = $this->actingAs($user)->get(route('discover.following'));
+    $response->assertStatus(200);
+
+    /** @var \Illuminate\Pagination\LengthAwarePaginator $artworks */
+    $artworks = $response->original->gatherData()['artworks'];
+    expect($artworks->total())->toBe(0);
+});
+
+it('other discover routes return 200 without Meilisearch', function () {
+    // Trending and fresh routes fall through to DB fallback with null driver
+    $this->get(route('discover.trending'))->assertStatus(200);
+    $this->get(route('discover.fresh'))->assertStatus(200);
+});
diff --git a/tests/Feature/Discovery/HomepagePersonalizationTest.php b/tests/Feature/Discovery/HomepagePersonalizationTest.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..120f3d73
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/Feature/Discovery/HomepagePersonalizationTest.php
@@ -0,0 +1,80 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+use App\Models\User;
+use App\Services\ArtworkService;
+use App\Services\HomepageService;
+use Illuminate\Pagination\LengthAwarePaginator;
+
+beforeEach(function () {
+    // Use null Scout driver — Meilisearch calls return empty results gracefully
+    config(['scout.driver' => 'null']);
+
+    // ArtworkService is not final so it can be mocked
+    $artworksMock = Mockery::mock(ArtworkService::class);
+    $artworksMock->shouldReceive('getFeaturedArtworks')
+        ->andReturn(new LengthAwarePaginator(collect(), 0, 1))
+        ->byDefault();
+    app()->instance(ArtworkService::class, $artworksMock);
+});
+
+// ── Route integration ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+it('home page renders 200 for guests', function () {
+    $this->get('/')->assertStatus(200);
+});
+
+it('home page renders 200 for authenticated users', function () {
+    $this->actingAs(User::factory()->create())
+        ->get('/')
+        ->assertStatus(200);
+});
+
+// ── HomepageService section shape ─────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+it('guest homepage has expected sections but no from_following', function () {
+    $sections = app(HomepageService::class)->all();
+
+    expect($sections)->toHaveKeys(['hero', 'trending', 'fresh', 'tags', 'creators', 'news']);
+    expect($sections)->not->toHaveKey('from_following');
+    expect($sections)->not->toHaveKey('by_tags');
+    expect($sections)->not->toHaveKey('by_categories');
+});
+
+it('authenticated homepage contains all personalised sections', function () {
+    $user     = User::factory()->create();
+    $sections = app(HomepageService::class)->allForUser($user);
+
+    expect($sections)->toHaveKeys([
+        'hero',
+        'from_following',
+        'trending',
+        'by_tags',
+        'by_categories',
+        'tags',
+        'creators',
+        'news',
+        'preferences',
+    ]);
+});
+
+it('preferences section exposes top_tags and top_categories arrays', function () {
+    $user     = User::factory()->create();
+    $sections = app(HomepageService::class)->allForUser($user);
+
+    expect($sections['preferences'])->toHaveKeys(['top_tags', 'top_categories']);
+    expect($sections['preferences']['top_tags'])->toBeArray();
+    expect($sections['preferences']['top_categories'])->toBeArray();
+});
+
+it('guest and auth homepages have different key sets', function () {
+    $user = User::factory()->create();
+
+    $guest = array_keys(app(HomepageService::class)->all());
+    $auth  = array_keys(app(HomepageService::class)->allForUser($user));
+
+    expect($guest)->not->toEqual($auth);
+    expect(in_array('from_following', $auth))->toBeTrue();
+    expect(in_array('from_following', $guest))->toBeFalse();
+});
diff --git a/tests/Feature/Discovery/SignalTrackingTest.php b/tests/Feature/Discovery/SignalTrackingTest.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..629af2ec
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/Feature/Discovery/SignalTrackingTest.php
@@ -0,0 +1,165 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+use App\Models\Artwork;
+use App\Models\User;
+use App\Services\ArtworkStatsService;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\DB;
+
+beforeEach(function () {
+    // Disable Meilisearch and Redis during tests
+    config(['scout.driver' => 'null']);
+});
+
+// ── ArtworkViewController (POST /api/art/{id}/view) ──────────────────────────
+
+it('returns 404 for a non-existent artwork on view', function () {
+    $this->postJson('/api/art/99999/view')->assertStatus(404);
+});
+
+it('returns 404 for a private artwork on view', function () {
+    $artwork = Artwork::factory()->create(['is_public' => false]);
+    $this->postJson("/api/art/{$artwork->id}/view")->assertStatus(404);
+});
+
+it('returns 404 for an unapproved artwork on view', function () {
+    $artwork = Artwork::factory()->create(['is_approved' => false]);
+    $this->postJson("/api/art/{$artwork->id}/view")->assertStatus(404);
+});
+
+it('records a view and returns ok=true on first call', function () {
+    $artwork = Artwork::factory()->create([
+        'is_public'    => true,
+        'is_approved'  => true,
+        'published_at' => now()->subDay(),
+    ]);
+
+    // Ensure a stats row exists with 0 views
+    DB::table('artwork_stats')->insertOrIgnore([
+        'artwork_id'   => $artwork->id,
+        'views'        => 0,
+        'downloads'    => 0,
+        'favorites'    => 0,
+        'rating_avg'   => 0,
+        'rating_count' => 0,
+    ]);
+
+    $mock = $this->mock(ArtworkStatsService::class);
+    $mock->shouldReceive('logViewEvent')
+        ->once()
+        ->with($artwork->id, null); // null = guest (unauthenticated request)
+    $mock->shouldReceive('incrementViews')
+        ->once()
+        ->with($artwork->id, 1, true);
+
+    $response = $this->postJson("/api/art/{$artwork->id}/view");
+
+    $response->assertStatus(200)
+             ->assertJsonPath('ok', true)
+             ->assertJsonPath('counted', true);
+});
+
+it('skips DB increment and returns counted=false if artwork was already viewed this session', function () {
+    $artwork = Artwork::factory()->create([
+        'is_public'    => true,
+        'is_approved'  => true,
+        'published_at' => now()->subDay(),
+    ]);
+
+    // Mark as already viewed in the session
+    session()->put("art_viewed.{$artwork->id}", true);
+
+    $mock = $this->mock(ArtworkStatsService::class);
+    $mock->shouldReceive('incrementViews')->never();
+
+    $response = $this->postJson("/api/art/{$artwork->id}/view");
+
+    $response->assertStatus(200)
+             ->assertJsonPath('ok', true)
+             ->assertJsonPath('counted', false);
+});
+
+// ── ArtworkDownloadController (POST /api/art/{id}/download) ──────────────────
+
+it('returns 404 for a non-existent artwork on download', function () {
+    $this->postJson('/api/art/99999/download')->assertStatus(404);
+});
+
+it('returns 404 for a private artwork on download', function () {
+    $artwork = Artwork::factory()->create(['is_public' => false]);
+    $this->postJson("/api/art/{$artwork->id}/download")->assertStatus(404);
+});
+
+it('records a download and returns ok=true with a url', function () {
+    $artwork = Artwork::factory()->create([
+        'is_public'    => true,
+        'is_approved'  => true,
+        'published_at' => now()->subDay(),
+    ]);
+
+    $mock = $this->mock(ArtworkStatsService::class);
+    $mock->shouldReceive('incrementDownloads')
+        ->once()
+        ->with($artwork->id, 1, true);
+
+    $response = $this->postJson("/api/art/{$artwork->id}/download");
+
+    $response->assertStatus(200)
+             ->assertJsonPath('ok', true)
+             ->assertJsonStructure(['ok', 'url']);
+});
+
+it('inserts a row in artwork_downloads on valid download', function () {
+    $user    = User::factory()->create();
+    $artwork = Artwork::factory()->create([
+        'is_public'    => true,
+        'is_approved'  => true,
+        'published_at' => now()->subDay(),
+    ]);
+
+    // Stub the stats service so we don't need Redis
+    $mock = $this->mock(ArtworkStatsService::class);
+    $mock->shouldReceive('incrementDownloads')->once();
+
+    $this->actingAs($user)->postJson("/api/art/{$artwork->id}/download");
+
+    $this->assertDatabaseHas('artwork_downloads', [
+        'artwork_id' => $artwork->id,
+        'user_id'    => $user->id,
+    ]);
+});
+
+it('records download as guest (no user_id) when unauthenticated', function () {
+    $artwork = Artwork::factory()->create([
+        'is_public'    => true,
+        'is_approved'  => true,
+        'published_at' => now()->subDay(),
+    ]);
+
+    $mock = $this->mock(ArtworkStatsService::class);
+    $mock->shouldReceive('incrementDownloads')->once();
+
+    $this->postJson("/api/art/{$artwork->id}/download");
+
+    $this->assertDatabaseHas('artwork_downloads', [
+        'artwork_id' => $artwork->id,
+        'user_id'    => null,
+    ]);
+});
+
+// ── Route names ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+it('view endpoint route is named api.art.view', function () {
+    $artwork = Artwork::factory()->create([
+        'is_public' => true, 'is_approved' => true, 'published_at' => now()->subDay(),
+    ]);
+    expect(route('api.art.view', ['id' => $artwork->id]))->toContain("/api/art/{$artwork->id}/view");
+});
+
+it('download endpoint route is named api.art.download', function () {
+    $artwork = Artwork::factory()->create([
+        'is_public' => true, 'is_approved' => true, 'published_at' => now()->subDay(),
+    ]);
+    expect(route('api.art.download', ['id' => $artwork->id]))->toContain("/api/art/{$artwork->id}/download");
+});
diff --git a/tests/Feature/Discovery/SimilarArtworksApiTest.php b/tests/Feature/Discovery/SimilarArtworksApiTest.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..af75e848
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/Feature/Discovery/SimilarArtworksApiTest.php
@@ -0,0 +1,117 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+use App\Models\Artwork;
+use App\Models\User;
+
+beforeEach(function () {
+    // Use null Scout driver so no Meilisearch calls are made
+    config(['scout.driver' => 'null']);
+});
+
+// ── 404 cases ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+it('returns 404 for a non-existent artwork id', function () {
+    $this->getJson('/api/art/99999/similar')
+        ->assertStatus(404)
+        ->assertJsonPath('error', 'Artwork not found');
+});
+
+it('returns 404 for a private artwork', function () {
+    $artwork = Artwork::factory()->create(['is_public' => false]);
+
+    $this->getJson("/api/art/{$artwork->id}/similar")
+        ->assertStatus(404);
+});
+
+it('returns 404 for an unapproved artwork', function () {
+    $artwork = Artwork::factory()->create(['is_approved' => false]);
+
+    $this->getJson("/api/art/{$artwork->id}/similar")
+        ->assertStatus(404);
+});
+
+it('returns 404 for an unpublished artwork', function () {
+    $artwork = Artwork::factory()->unpublished()->create();
+
+    $this->getJson("/api/art/{$artwork->id}/similar")
+        ->assertStatus(404);
+});
+
+// ── Success cases ─────────────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+it('returns a data array for a valid public artwork', function () {
+    $artwork = Artwork::factory()->create([
+        'is_public'    => true,
+        'is_approved'  => true,
+        'published_at' => now()->subDay(),
+    ]);
+
+    $response = $this->getJson("/api/art/{$artwork->id}/similar");
+
+    $response->assertStatus(200);
+    $response->assertJsonStructure(['data']);
+    expect($response->json('data'))->toBeArray();
+});
+
+it('the source artwork id is never present in results', function () {
+    $artwork = Artwork::factory()->create([
+        'is_public'    => true,
+        'is_approved'  => true,
+        'published_at' => now()->subDay(),
+    ]);
+
+    $ids = collect($this->getJson("/api/art/{$artwork->id}/similar")->json('data'))
+        ->pluck('id')
+        ->all();
+
+    expect($ids)->not->toContain($artwork->id);
+});
+
+it('result count does not exceed 12', function () {
+    $artwork = Artwork::factory()->create([
+        'is_public'    => true,
+        'is_approved'  => true,
+        'published_at' => now()->subDay(),
+    ]);
+
+    $count = count($this->getJson("/api/art/{$artwork->id}/similar")->json('data'));
+
+    // null Scout driver returns 0 results; max is 12
+    expect($count <= 12)->toBeTrue();
+});
+
+it('results do not include artworks by the same creator', function () {
+    $creatorA = User::factory()->create();
+    $creatorB = User::factory()->create();
+
+    $source = Artwork::factory()->create([
+        'user_id'      => $creatorA->id,
+        'is_public'    => true,
+        'is_approved'  => true,
+        'published_at' => now()->subDay(),
+    ]);
+
+    // A matching artwork from a different creator
+    Artwork::factory()->create([
+        'user_id'      => $creatorB->id,
+        'is_public'    => true,
+        'is_approved'  => true,
+        'published_at' => now()->subDay(),
+    ]);
+
+    $response = $this->getJson("/api/art/{$source->id}/similar");
+    $response->assertStatus(200);
+
+    $items = $response->json('data');
+
+    // With null Scout driver the search returns 0 items; if items are present
+    // none should belong to the source artwork's creator.
+    foreach ($items as $item) {
+        expect($item)->toHaveKeys(['id', 'title', 'slug', 'thumb', 'url', 'author_id']);
+        expect($item['author_id'])->not->toBe($creatorA->id);
+    }
+
+    expect(true)->toBeTrue(); // always at least one assertion
+});
diff --git a/tests/Feature/Discovery/TrendingServiceTest.php b/tests/Feature/Discovery/TrendingServiceTest.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..909c9855
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/Feature/Discovery/TrendingServiceTest.php
@@ -0,0 +1,98 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+use App\Models\Artwork;
+use App\Services\TrendingService;
+
+// RefreshDatabase is applied automatically to all Feature tests via Pest.php
+
+it('returns zero when no artworks exist', function () {
+    expect(app(TrendingService::class)->recalculate('24h'))->toBe(0);
+    expect(app(TrendingService::class)->recalculate('7d'))->toBe(0);
+});
+
+it('updates trending_score_24h for artworks published within 7 days', function () {
+    $artwork = Artwork::factory()->create([
+        'is_public'    => true,
+        'is_approved'  => true,
+        'published_at' => now()->subHours(6),
+    ]);
+
+    $updated = app(TrendingService::class)->recalculate('24h');
+
+    expect($updated)->toBe(1);
+
+    $artwork->refresh();
+    expect($artwork->trending_score_24h)->toBeFloat();
+    expect($artwork->last_trending_calculated_at)->not->toBeNull();
+})->skip('Requires MySQL: uses GREATEST() and TIMESTAMPDIFF() which are not available in SQLite');
+
+it('updates trending_score_7d for artworks published within 30 days', function () {
+    $artwork = Artwork::factory()->create([
+        'is_public'    => true,
+        'is_approved'  => true,
+        'published_at' => now()->subDays(10),
+    ]);
+
+    $updated = app(TrendingService::class)->recalculate('7d');
+
+    expect($updated)->toBe(1);
+
+    $artwork->refresh();
+    expect($artwork->trending_score_7d)->toBeFloat();
+})->skip('Requires MySQL: uses GREATEST() and TIMESTAMPDIFF() which are not available in SQLite');
+
+it('skips artworks published outside the look-back window', function () {
+    Artwork::factory()->create([
+        'is_public'    => true,
+        'is_approved'  => true,
+        'published_at' => now()->subDays(45), // outside 30-day window
+    ]);
+
+    expect(app(TrendingService::class)->recalculate('7d'))->toBe(0);
+});
+
+it('skips private artworks', function () {
+    Artwork::factory()->create([
+        'is_public'    => false,
+        'is_approved'  => true,
+        'published_at' => now()->subDay(),
+    ]);
+
+    expect(app(TrendingService::class)->recalculate('24h'))->toBe(0);
+});
+
+it('skips unapproved artworks', function () {
+    Artwork::factory()->create([
+        'is_public'    => true,
+        'is_approved'  => false,
+        'published_at' => now()->subDay(),
+    ]);
+
+    expect(app(TrendingService::class)->recalculate('24h'))->toBe(0);
+});
+
+it('score is always non-negative (GREATEST clamp)', function () {
+    // Artwork with no stats — time decay may be large, but score is clamped to ≥ 0
+    $artwork = Artwork::factory()->create([
+        'is_public'    => true,
+        'is_approved'  => true,
+        'published_at' => now()->subDays(6),
+    ]);
+
+    app(TrendingService::class)->recalculate('24h');
+
+    $artwork->refresh();
+    expect($artwork->trending_score_24h)->toBeGreaterThanOrEqualTo(0.0);
+})->skip('Requires MySQL: uses GREATEST() and TIMESTAMPDIFF() which are not available in SQLite');
+
+it('processes multiple artworks in a single run', function () {
+    Artwork::factory()->count(5)->create([
+        'is_public'    => true,
+        'is_approved'  => true,
+        'published_at' => now()->subDay(),
+    ]);
+
+    expect(app(TrendingService::class)->recalculate('7d'))->toBe(5);
+})->skip('Requires MySQL: uses GREATEST() and TIMESTAMPDIFF() which are not available in SQLite');
diff --git a/tests/Feature/Discovery/WindowedStatsTest.php b/tests/Feature/Discovery/WindowedStatsTest.php
new file mode 100644
index 00000000..3d8578c8
--- /dev/null
+++ b/tests/Feature/Discovery/WindowedStatsTest.php
@@ -0,0 +1,147 @@
+<?php
+
+declare(strict_types=1);
+
+use App\Models\Artwork;
+use App\Services\ArtworkStatsService;
+use Illuminate\Support\Facades\DB;
+
+beforeEach(function () {
+    config(['scout.driver' => 'null']);
+});
+
+// ── Helper: ensure a stats row exists ────────────────────────────────────────
+
+function seedStats(int $artworkId, array $overrides = []): void
+{
+    DB::table('artwork_stats')->insertOrIgnore(array_merge([
+        'artwork_id'    => $artworkId,
+        'views'         => 0,
+        'views_24h'     => 0,
+        'views_7d'      => 0,
+        'downloads'     => 0,
+        'downloads_24h' => 0,
+        'downloads_7d'  => 0,
+        'favorites'     => 0,
+        'rating_avg'    => 0,
+        'rating_count'  => 0,
+    ], $overrides));
+}
+
+// ── ArtworkStatsService ───────────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+it('incrementViews updates views, views_24h, and views_7d', function () {
+    $artwork = Artwork::factory()->create(['is_public' => true, 'is_approved' => true, 'published_at' => now()->subDay()]);
+    seedStats($artwork->id);
+
+    app(ArtworkStatsService::class)->incrementViews($artwork->id, 3, defer: false);
+
+    $row = DB::table('artwork_stats')->where('artwork_id', $artwork->id)->first();
+    expect((int) $row->views)->toBe(3);
+    expect((int) $row->views_24h)->toBe(3);
+    expect((int) $row->views_7d)->toBe(3);
+});
+
+it('incrementDownloads updates downloads, downloads_24h, and downloads_7d', function () {
+    $artwork = Artwork::factory()->create(['is_public' => true, 'is_approved' => true, 'published_at' => now()->subDay()]);
+    seedStats($artwork->id);
+
+    app(ArtworkStatsService::class)->incrementDownloads($artwork->id, 2, defer: false);
+
+    $row = DB::table('artwork_stats')->where('artwork_id', $artwork->id)->first();
+    expect((int) $row->downloads)->toBe(2);
+    expect((int) $row->downloads_24h)->toBe(2);
+    expect((int) $row->downloads_7d)->toBe(2);
+});
+
+it('multiple view increments accumulate across all three columns', function () {
+    $artwork = Artwork::factory()->create(['is_public' => true, 'is_approved' => true, 'published_at' => now()->subDay()]);
+    seedStats($artwork->id);
+
+    $svc = app(ArtworkStatsService::class);
+    $svc->incrementViews($artwork->id, 1, defer: false);
+    $svc->incrementViews($artwork->id, 1, defer: false);
+    $svc->incrementViews($artwork->id, 1, defer: false);
+
+    $row = DB::table('artwork_stats')->where('artwork_id', $artwork->id)->first();
+    expect((int) $row->views)->toBe(3);
+    expect((int) $row->views_24h)->toBe(3);
+    expect((int) $row->views_7d)->toBe(3);
+});
+
+// ── ResetWindowedStatsCommand ─────────────────────────────────────────────────
+
+it('reset-windowed-stats --period=24h zeros views_24h', function () {
+    $artwork = Artwork::factory()->create(['is_public' => true, 'is_approved' => true, 'published_at' => now()->subDay()]);
+    seedStats($artwork->id, ['views_24h' => 50, 'views_7d' => 200]);
+
+    $this->artisan('skinbase:reset-windowed-stats', ['--period' => '24h'])
+         ->assertExitCode(0);
+
+    $row = DB::table('artwork_stats')->where('artwork_id', $artwork->id)->first();
+    expect((int) $row->views_24h)->toBe(0);
+    // 7d column is NOT touched by a 24h reset
+    expect((int) $row->views_7d)->toBe(200);
+});
+
+it('reset-windowed-stats --period=7d zeros views_7d', function () {
+    $artwork = Artwork::factory()->create(['is_public' => true, 'is_approved' => true, 'published_at' => now()->subDay()]);
+    seedStats($artwork->id, ['views_24h' => 50, 'views_7d' => 200]);
+
+    $this->artisan('skinbase:reset-windowed-stats', ['--period' => '7d'])
+         ->assertExitCode(0);
+
+    $row = DB::table('artwork_stats')->where('artwork_id', $artwork->id)->first();
+    expect((int) $row->views_7d)->toBe(0);
+    // 24h column is NOT touched by a 7d reset
+    expect((int) $row->views_24h)->toBe(50);
+});
+
+it('reset-windowed-stats recomputes downloads_24h from artwork_downloads log', function () {
+    $artwork = Artwork::factory()->create(['is_public' => true, 'is_approved' => true, 'published_at' => now()->subDay()]);
+    seedStats($artwork->id, ['downloads_24h' => 99]); // stale value
+
+    // Insert 3 downloads within the last 24 hours
+    $ip = inet_pton('127.0.0.1');
+    DB::table('artwork_downloads')->insert([
+        ['artwork_id' => $artwork->id, 'user_id' => null, 'ip' => $ip, 'user_agent' => null, 'created_at' => now()->subHours(1)],
+        ['artwork_id' => $artwork->id, 'user_id' => null, 'ip' => $ip, 'user_agent' => null, 'created_at' => now()->subHours(6)],
+        ['artwork_id' => $artwork->id, 'user_id' => null, 'ip' => $ip, 'user_agent' => null, 'created_at' => now()->subHours(12)],
+    ]);
+
+    // Insert 2 old downloads outside the 24h window
+    DB::table('artwork_downloads')->insert([
+        ['artwork_id' => $artwork->id, 'user_id' => null, 'ip' => $ip, 'user_agent' => null, 'created_at' => now()->subDays(2)],
+        ['artwork_id' => $artwork->id, 'user_id' => null, 'ip' => $ip, 'user_agent' => null, 'created_at' => now()->subDays(5)],
+    ]);
+
+    $this->artisan('skinbase:reset-windowed-stats', ['--period' => '24h'])
+         ->assertExitCode(0);
+
+    $row = DB::table('artwork_stats')->where('artwork_id', $artwork->id)->first();
+    // Should equal exactly the 3 recent downloads, not the stale 99
+    expect((int) $row->downloads_24h)->toBe(3);
+});
+
+it('reset-windowed-stats recomputes downloads_7d including all downloads in 7-day window', function () {
+    $artwork = Artwork::factory()->create(['is_public' => true, 'is_approved' => true, 'published_at' => now()->subDays(10)]);
+    seedStats($artwork->id, ['downloads_7d' => 0]);
+
+    $ip = inet_pton('127.0.0.1');
+    DB::table('artwork_downloads')->insert([
+        ['artwork_id' => $artwork->id, 'user_id' => null, 'ip' => $ip, 'user_agent' => null, 'created_at' => now()->subDays(1)],
+        ['artwork_id' => $artwork->id, 'user_id' => null, 'ip' => $ip, 'user_agent' => null, 'created_at' => now()->subDays(5)],
+        ['artwork_id' => $artwork->id, 'user_id' => null, 'ip' => $ip, 'user_agent' => null, 'created_at' => now()->subDays(8)], // outside 7d
+    ]);
+
+    $this->artisan('skinbase:reset-windowed-stats', ['--period' => '7d'])
+         ->assertExitCode(0);
+
+    $row = DB::table('artwork_stats')->where('artwork_id', $artwork->id)->first();
+    expect((int) $row->downloads_7d)->toBe(2);
+});
+
+it('reset-windowed-stats returns failure for invalid period', function () {
+    $this->artisan('skinbase:reset-windowed-stats', ['--period' => 'bad'])
+         ->assertExitCode(1);
+});
diff --git a/tests/e2e/messaging.spec.ts b/tests/e2e/messaging.spec.ts
index 26989b8a..7cf965d0 100644
--- a/tests/e2e/messaging.spec.ts
+++ b/tests/e2e/messaging.spec.ts
@@ -5,6 +5,7 @@ type Fixture = {
   email: string
   password: string
   conversation_id: number
+  latest_message_id: number
 }
 
 function seedMessagingFixture(): Fixture {
@@ -46,7 +47,7 @@ function seedMessagingFixture(): Fixture {
     "$last = Message::create(['conversation_id' => $conversation->id, 'sender_id' => $owner->id, 'body' => 'Seed latest from owner']);",
     "$conversation->update(['last_message_at' => $last->created_at]);",
     "ConversationParticipant::where('conversation_id', $conversation->id)->where('user_id', $peer->id)->update(['last_read_at' => Carbon::parse($last->created_at)->addSeconds(15)]);",
-    "echo json_encode(['email' => $owner->email, 'password' => 'password', 'conversation_id' => $conversation->id]);",
+    "echo json_encode(['email' => $owner->email, 'password' => 'password', 'conversation_id' => $conversation->id, 'latest_message_id' => $last->id]);",
   ].join(' ')
 
   const raw = execFileSync('php', ['artisan', 'tinker', `--execute=${script}`], {
@@ -106,7 +107,7 @@ test.describe('Messaging UI', () => {
     await login(page, fixture)
     await page.goto(`/messages/${fixture.conversation_id}`)
 
-    await expect(page.locator('text=Seed latest from owner')).toBeVisible()
+    await expect(page.locator(`#message-${fixture.latest_message_id}`)).toContainText('Seed latest from owner')
     await expect(page.locator('text=/^Seen\\s.+\\sago$/')).toBeVisible()
   })
 })